What is at the heart of the Constitution?

• Federalism

• Monarchy

• Dictatorship

• Anarchy

What does the necessary and proper clause, or elastic clause, allow Congress to do?

• Make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers

• Create a postal system

• Borrow money

• Raise an army

Which section of Article I of the Constitution includes the commerce clause?

• Section 8

• Section 9

• Section 10

• Section 7

What does the commerce clause empower Congress to do?

• Regulate commerce with other nations and among the several states

• Create a postal system

• Address piracy on the seas

• Define the immigration and naturalization process

What does the Tenth Amendment (1791) distinguish?

• The rights of citizens

• The two governing spheres

• The process of lawmaking

• The powers of the president

Which amendment promises U.S. citizenship to anyone born or naturalized in the United States?

• Tenth Amendment

• First Amendment

• Fourteenth Amendment

• Fifth Amendment

What does the Fourteenth Amendment prohibit state governments from doing?

• Taxing exported goods

• Coining money

• Denying persons within their jurisdiction equal protection of the laws

• Entering into treaties with other countries

What system did the 1824 Gibbons v. Ogden decision lead to?

• Selective exclusiveness

• Dual federalism

• Reserved powers

• Concurrent powers

What allowed dual federalism to prevail in the United States until the mid-1800s?

• The Industrial Revolution

• Congress's relative inaction in regulating commerce

• The Progressive movement

• The Sixteenth Amendment

What was the focus of the national agenda as organized labor, reformers, and progressive leaders advanced?

• Regulating railroads, factories, and banks

• Expanding the federal income tax

• Creating the Federal Bureau of Investigation

• Enforcing the Mann Act