Lecture 2

What is a protein

• A long chain of monosaccharides

• A long chain of amino acids

• Made up of 6 carbon atoms, 6 oxygen atoms and 12 hydrogen atoms

• an amino acid joined together with a monosaccharide

Answer explanation

It is a long chain of amino acids joined together which are called polypeptides

A polypeptide can be massive - it can be 10 amino acids joined together or thousands of amino acids joined together

What does the prefix 'poly' and suffix 'peptide' mean in polypeptide

• Poly = multiple

  Peptide = protein

• Poly = singular
  Peptide = protein

• Poly = mutiple
  Peptide = amino acid

• Poly = 5 or more
  Peptide = pepsin molecule

Answer explanation

Poly meaning multiple and peptide referring to the protein

What is an essential amino acid?

• It is something that our body needs in order to have a balanced diet

• It is a certain type of protein that opens up our muscle cells to store insulin

• Your body uses it to make glucose for energy

• It is something that our body can not produce or it can not produce in sufficient amounts

Answer explanation

It is something our body can not produce

Or

It can not produce in sufficient quantities
it includes essential amino acids such as Isoleucine, Lysine, Tryptophan, Valine, Histidine

What is the primary function of protein?

• to provide energy

• Provide energy and support cell function

• Help build and repair bodily tissues

• help maintain acid base balance and keep our bodies pH neutral

Answer explanation

Its primary function is to help repair, maintain and build bodily tissues such as regrowing the keratin in your nails and hair, or making hormones and enzymes

What are the classes of carbohydrates

• saturated
  monounsaturated
  polyunsaturated
  

• Monosaccharides

  Disaccharides

  Polysaccharides

• Simple
  Complex
  Starch

• amino acids
  
  essential amino acids

What is a kilo calorie

• A calorie

• 10 calories

• 100 calories

• 1000 calories

Answer explanation

When people refer to 'calories' they are actually meaning kilocalories

1 kilo calorie = 1000 calories
kilo calorie A.K.A kcal

Is lactose a combination of...

• Glucose + Glucose

• Glucose + Fructose

• Fructose + Galactose

• Glucose + Galactose

What is fibre?

• It is a substance that increase the rate of chemical reaction during digestion

• It is an indigestible carbohydrate

• It is a protein that can be digested by the body

• it is a substance produced in the mouth to help break down food

What elements make up carbohydrates

• Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen

• Carbon Oxygen Hydrogen

• Potassium Zink

• Nitrogen Hydrogen Oxygen