Nuclear Physics and Electronics Basics

What is the nucleus of an atom composed of?

• Protons and electrons

• Electrons and protons

• Protons and neutrons

• Neutrons and electrons

Explain the concept of nuclear fusion.

• Nuclear fusion involves the conversion of chemical energy into nuclear energy.

• Nuclear fusion is the process by which two light atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing a large amount of energy.

• Nuclear fusion is a process that only occurs in stars and not on Earth.

• Nuclear fusion is the process of splitting heavy atomic nuclei to release energy.

What is the difference between fission and fusion reactions?

• Fission and fusion both split heavy nuclei.

• Fission combines heavy nuclei, while fusion splits light nuclei.

• Fission and fusion both combine light nuclei.

• Fission splits heavy nuclei, while fusion combines light nuclei.

How is radioactivity measured?

• Using volts (V) or amperes (A)

• Using units such as becquerels (Bq) or curies (Ci)

• By measuring the temperature of the substance

• Counting the number of protons in the nucleus

What is the role of a Geiger-Muller counter in nuclear physics?

• It is used to detect magnetic fields in nuclear experiments.

• It is used to detect and measure ionizing radiation.

• It is used to measure temperature in nuclear reactors.

• It is used to analyze chemical composition of nuclear materials.

Define the term 'half-life' in the context of nuclear decay.

• The term 'half-life' in the context of nuclear decay refers to the time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to undergo decay.

• Half-life is the time it takes for the decay rate to double

• Half-life is the time it takes for one-fourth of the radioactive atoms to decay

• The term 'half-life' refers to the time it takes for all radioactive atoms to decay

What are the main components of an atom?

• Photons, Neutrons, Electrons

• Protons, Positrons, Electrons

• Protons, Neutrons, Quarks

• Protons, Neutrons, Electrons

Explain the working principle of a diode.

• A diode works based on the principle of a P-N junction that allows current to flow in one direction only.

• A diode functions by amplifying the signal passing through it.

• A diode operates by converting electrical energy into mechanical energy.

• A diode works by emitting light when current passes through it.

What is the function of a transistor in an electronic circuit?

• Stores electrical charge

• Controls the flow of current

• Regulates the resistance

• Amplifies the voltage

Differentiate between analog and digital signals.

• Analog signals are not susceptible to noise or interference.

• Digital signals are continuous and can take any value within a range.

• Analog signals are digital in nature.

• Analog signals are continuous and can take any value within a range, while digital signals are discrete and can only take specific values (usually 0 or 1). Analog signals are susceptible to noise and interference, while digital signals are more immune to such issues.