Ch. 13 Review

Which of the following is the ONLY action that can prevent death from a tension pneumothorax?

• early administration of high-flow oxygen

• decompression of the injured side of the chest

• positive-pressure ventilation with a bag-mask valve

• rapid administration of IV fluids

Capillary sphincters are:

• responsible for constricting to compensate for decreased cell perfusion

• circular muscular walls that regulate blood flow through the capillaries

• capable of dilating in order to increase perfusion to crucial body organs

• under complete control of the voluntary portion of the nervous system

Which of the following patients is in decompensated shock?

• a 23 y/ restless male with cool, clammy skin and tachycardia

• a 20 y/o female with absent radial pulses and dilated pupils

• a 32 y/o male with anxiety and a systolic blood pressure of 110 mm Hg

• a 28 y/o female with pale skin and rapid, shallow breathing

Which of the following injuries would most likely cause obstructive shock?

• cardiac tamponade

• simple pneumothorax

• liver laceration

• spinal cord injury

Distributive shock occurs when:

• an injury causes restriction of the heart muscle and impairs its pumping function

• temporary but severe vasodilation causes a decrease in blood supply to the brain

• severe bleeding causes tachycardia in order to distribute blood to the organs faster

• widespread dilation of the blood vessels causes blood to pool in the vascular beds

Which of the following statements regarding anaphylactic shock is correct?

• anaphylactic shock occurs immediately after a person is sensitized to an allergen

• sensitized people will experience less severe reactions upon subsequent exposure

• anaphylactic shock is caused by immune system failure due to a toxic exposure

• subsequent exposure after sensitization often produces a more severe reaction

Clinical signs of compensated shock include all of the following, EXCEPT:

• absent peripheral pulses

• restlessness or anxiety

• rapid, shallow breathing

• cool and clammy skin

Which of the following would most likely result in hemorrhagic shock?

• severe vomiting

• liver laceration

• repeated diarrhea

• excessive sweating

hypovolemic shock caused by severe burns is the result of a loss of:

• platelets

• red blood cells

• whole blood

• plasma

Neurogenic shock occurs when:

• failure of the nervous system causes widespread vasodilation

• there is too much blood to fill a smaller vascular container

• massive vasoconstriction occurs distal to a spinal cord injury

• the spinal cord is severed and causes massive hemorrhaging