Genetics ZL510 Lecture 1

What is an allele?

• • A type of enzyme that catalyzes genetic reactions

• A variant form of a gene located on a chromosome

• A type of cell division process in genetics

• A structure found in the nucleus responsible for protein synthesis

What is a genotype?

• The physical appearance of an organism

• The genetic makeup of an organism

• The process of DNA replication

• The study of fossils

What is a dominant allele?

• An allele that is always expressed in the phenotype

• An allele that is only present in males

• An allele that is recessive in nature

• An allele that skips generations

What is a phenotype?

• The physical appearance of an organism

• The genetic makeup of an organism

• The process of DNA replication

• The study of fossils

What is a recessive allele?

• An allele that is always expressed in the phenotype

• An allele that is only present in males

• An allele that is recessive in nature

• An allele that skips generations

What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous genotypes?

• Homozygous genotypes have two different alleles, while heterozygous genotypes have two identical alleles

• Homozygous genotypes have two identical alleles, while heterozygous genotypes have two different alleles

• Homozygous genotypes are only found in males, while heterozygous genotypes are only found in females

• Homozygous genotypes are always dominant, while heterozygous genotypes are always recessive

What did Mendel study to establish the laws of inheritance?

• Pea plants

• Tomato plants

• Apple trees

• Carrot plants

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

• Genotype refers to the physical appearance of an organism, while phenotype refers to the genetic makeup

• Genotype and phenotype are interchangeable terms

• Genotype is the study of fossils, while phenotype is the process of DNA replication

• Genotype is always dominant, while phenotype is always recessive

What is the significance of studying alleles in genetics?

• To understand the physical appearance of an organism

• To determine the genetic makeup of an organism

• To study the process of DNA replication

• To analyze the structure of the nucleus

How do dominant alleles differ from recessive alleles?

• Dominant alleles are always expressed in the phenotype, while recessive alleles are never expressed

• Dominant alleles are only present in males, while recessive alleles are only present in females

• Dominant alleles are always recessive, while recessive alleles are always dominant

• Dominant alleles skip generations, while recessive alleles are always present