Chemical Reactions & Equations

What are the five main types of chemical reactions?

• Polymerization Reactions

• Oxidation Reactions

• Neutralization Reactions

• Combination (Synthesis) Reactions, Decomposition Reactions, Single Replacement (Substitution) Reactions, Double Replacement (Metathesis) Reactions, Combustion Reactions

How do you balance a chemical equation?

• Adjust the coefficients of the reactants and products to ensure the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides of the equation.

• Use a calculator to balance the equation

• Count the number of vowels in the equation

• Ask a friend to solve it for you

Explain what chemical reaction rates are and how they can be affected.

• Chemical reaction rates are the speed at which reactants are converted into products and can be influenced by temperature, concentration, catalysts, and surface area.

• Chemical reaction rates are determined by the phase of the moon

• Chemical reaction rates are affected by the color of the reactants

• Chemical reaction rates are influenced by the number of vowels in the reactants

Define redox reactions and provide an example.

• Redox reactions occur only in acidic solutions.

• An example of a redox reaction is the combustion of methane.

• Redox reactions involve the transfer of protons between reactants.

• Redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons between reactants. An example is the reaction between iron (Fe) and oxygen (O2) to form iron oxide (Fe2O3).

Differentiate between endothermic and exothermic reactions.

• Endothermic reactions release heat

• Endothermic reactions absorb heat, while exothermic reactions release heat.

• Exothermic reactions absorb heat

• Endothermic reactions are faster than exothermic reactions

What type of chemical reaction involves the transfer of electrons?

• Combustion reaction

• Synthesis reaction

• Decomposition reaction

• Redox reaction

Balance the following chemical equation: H2 + O2 -> H2O

• H2O -> H2 + O2

• H2 + O2 -> H2O2

• 2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O

• 2H2 + 2O2 -> 2H2O

What is the purpose of using a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

• To decrease the temperature of the reaction

• To increase the pH of the reaction mixture

• To speed up the reaction by lowering the activation energy barrier.

• To change the color of the products

Give an example of a decomposition reaction.

• Hydrogen peroxide -> Water + Oxygen gas

• Sodium chloride -> Sodium + Chlorine gas

• Calcium carbonate -> Calcium + Carbon dioxide

• Carbon dioxide -> Carbon + Oxygen gas

Explain the concept of activation energy in chemical reactions.

• Activation energy is the energy released during a chemical reaction.

• Activation energy is the total energy of the reactants in a chemical reaction.

• Activation energy is the energy required to stop a chemical reaction.

• Activation energy is the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction.