Thermodynamics in Science

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

• Energy can be transformed into matter

• Energy can be created out of nothing

• Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed or transferred.

• Energy can be destroyed completely

Explain the concept of entropy in thermodynamics.

• Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness in a system in thermodynamics.

• Entropy is a measure of energy in thermodynamics.

• Entropy is a measure of temperature in thermodynamics.

• Entropy is a measure of pressure in thermodynamics.

What is the difference between an open and closed thermodynamic system?

• In an open system, matter can be exchanged but not energy, whereas in a closed system, only energy can be exchanged.

• The main difference is that an open system can exchange both matter and energy with its surroundings, whereas a closed system can only exchange energy.

• The difference lies in the fact that a closed system can exchange matter but not energy, while an open system can exchange both matter and energy.

• An open system can only exchange energy, while a closed system can exchange both matter and energy.

Define the term 'enthalpy' in thermodynamics.

• Enthalpy is the total internal energy of a system, including pressure and volume effects.

• Enthalpy is the temperature at which a substance changes from solid to liquid.

• Enthalpy is the ability of a system to do work.

• Enthalpy is the measure of disorder in a system.

How does the second law of thermodynamics relate to the concept of energy transfer?

• The second law of thermodynamics states that energy transfer is always 100% efficient.

• The second law of thermodynamics relates to the concept of energy transfer by emphasizing that energy transfer processes lead to an increase in entropy or disorder within a system.

• Energy transfer violates the second law of thermodynamics by decreasing entropy.

• The second law of thermodynamics does not apply to energy transfer processes.