Gastronomy and nuts

which from the following statements is an example of top-down in a reading process?

• The student first comprehends individual words as units and subsequently grasps the syntax when reading a text about plant cells.

• The student first focuses on understanding individual words before moving on to comprehending the sentences in a text discussing mermaids in the Atlantic.

• Queen Elizabeth leaves her corgis to Sarah Ferguson after her death

Write a Story: Encourage students to choose 8-10 new or interesting words. Challenge them to write a short story using those words. This activity is an example of...

• metacognition

• whilereading

• postreading

• prereading

From the following list, and according to the lesson's notes, which is the best material for a listening activity?

• audio material

• teacher voice

• video material

• a CD

The bottom-up approach in a pre-listening stage encourages:

• It involves special attention to a specific part of the message. This can be developed bymeans of activities related to discrimination of sounds, features of connected speech and intonation, recognition of phrasal verbs or expressions

• Explain the pronunciation and meaning of key words, unfamiliar words, phrases, expressions and grammatical structures that are going to appear in the recording. Call their attention on other features of connected speech (stress, reduced forms, assimilation, elision..

• Listening to understand the general content of a passage. As a first stage, focus on the main points and, as a second stage, on much supporting details as possible.

• Explain the context (topic, cultural information, situation, participants...

  Question preview and class discussion can also contribute to build a conceptual framework for comprehension. Visual support is quite helpful.

In Speaking, intonation refers to...

• The study of vocal resonance and projection techniques used by actors and public speakers.

• It helps to improve communication by enabling the speaker to convey meaning in the intended manner by varying the pitch for certain 'content words.

• The act of emphasizing certain words or phrases in speech to convey meaning, often involving the use of hand gestures.

• The rhythmic pattern and cadence of speech, involving the pacing and timing of spoken words within sentences.

Role-play variations: Take the speaking activity a step further by providing variations to the original scenario or topic. This allows learners to practice their speaking skills in different contexts and increase their fluency. This is an example of:

• pre speaking

• while speaking

• post speaking

• hesitation

Looping is a freewriting technique that allows you to focus your ideas continually while trying to discover a writing topic. After you freewrite for the first time, identify a key thought or idea in your writing, and begin to freewrite again, with that idea as your starting point. This is an example of...

• while writing

• punctuation

• pre writing

• while writing

What is formality in a writing production?

• The meticulous attention to creative details and imaginative elements in the writing process.

• The proper use of language that is in line with the situation and the reader, and it does not contain clichés, interjections, colloquial expressions, and its content does not generate misunderstandings because it has a logical order

• The use of extravagant vocabulary and complex sentence structures t convey depth and sophistication.

• The inclusion of poetic devices and figurative language to enhance the emotional impact of the text

According to our notes, Canada is an example of...

• Individual bilingualism

• bilingualism

• societal bilingualism

• geographical bilingualism

What would be the better example of sub-coordinate bilingualism in the following list?

• A student who often uses Spanish grammar structures and vocabulary while attempting to communicate in English, resulting in non-standard English sentences like "He no like that" instead of "He doesn't like that."

• A student who fluently speaks both Spanish and English, switching between the two languages effortlessly depending on the context and audience

• A student who speaks English fluently but also understands and speaks Spanish to some extent due to family background or cultural exposure, though English remains their dominant and preferred language.

• A child who learns Spanish as their first language at home and then learns English later when they start school, gradually becoming proficient in both languages over time