Unit 3 Study Guide

what were the Articles of Confederation?

• The written document that established the functions of the national government of the United States

• The written document that established the laws for the United States

• The written document that established the way the United States functions

• The written document that enabled the infant United States to wage war against the British successfully

What were two benefits of the Articles of Confederation?

• Ability to collect taxes and regulate trade
• Establishment of a national currency and banking system
• Ability to declare war and make treaties, establishment of a postal system
• Creation of a standing army and navy

List four benefits of the Northwest Ordinance:

• Process for admitting new states, prohibition of slavery, public education, guaranteed rights
• Military protection for settlers
• Expansion of slavery
• No taxation without representation

List three negatives of the Articles of Confederation:

• lacked power to tax

• could not regulate commerce

• no ability to establish a national currency

• the benefit of a trial by jury

How did Daniel Shays Rebellion impact the Articles of Confederation?

• Led more than a thousand farmers who were burdened with debt

• Allowed Americans to begin to support the establishment of a stronger national government

• Wrote the document that established the functions of the national government

• established constitutional union as a precednet for the new republic

what was the purpose of the Constitution?

• The United States constitution created a new National government

• established fundamental laws, mandating the rule of law, guaranteeing basic human rights

• established the functions of the national government of the United States

• the creation of the legislature with two chambers

How did the Great Compromise solve the issue of state representation is the new federal government?

• By creating a bicameral legislature with the House of Representatives based on population and the Senate with equal representation for each state.
• By appointing representatives based on land area of each state
• By allowing only the most populous states to have representation
• By abolishing the concept of state representation altogether

How did the Three-Fifths compromise solve the issue of state representation in in the new federal government?

• The Three-Fifths compromise gave enslaved people full representation in the House of Representatives
• The Three-Fifths compromise excluded enslaved people from being counted in the state's population
• The Three-Fifths compromise allowed each state to determine its own representation in the federal government
• The Three-Fifths compromise counted each enslaved person as three-fifths of a person for the purpose of determining a state's population, affecting the number of seats a state would have in the House of Representatives.

What are two limits to the power of the federal government in the constitution:

• Unification of powers
• Separation of powers and checks and balances
• Absence of judicial review
• Lack of executive authority

Define: Separation of Powers

• a doctrine of constitutional law under which the three branches of government (executive, legislative, and judicial) are kept separate

• A concept where all power is concentrated in a single branch of government
• A theory that advocates for the elimination of government branches
• A practice where the executive branch controls all legislative decisions