U4 AOS1 DP5 Circadian Phase Disorders

Which of the following correctly outlines a difference between delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS) and advanced sleep phase disorder (ASPD)?

• DSPS involves sleeping and waking later than appropriate, whereas ASPD involves sleeping and waking earlier than appropriate.

• DSPS involves sleeping and waking earlier than appropriate, whereas ASPD involves sleeping and waking

  later than appropriate.

• DSPS is a disorder that only occurs in children, whereas ASPD only occurs in teenagers.

Which of the following correctly outlines a difference between the circadian rhythm sleep phase disorders DSPS and ASPD, and shift work-related sleep disorders?

• DSPS and ASPD involve disruptions to external cues, while shift work-related sleep disorders involve disruptions to internal cues.

• DSPS and ASPD involve disruptions to external cues, while shift work-related sleep disorders involve disruptions to external cues.

• DSPS and ASPD involve disruptions to internal cues, while shift work-related sleep disorders involve

  disruptions to external cues.

• DSPS and ASPD involve disruptions to internal cues, while shift work-related sleep disorders involve

  disruptions to internal cues.

A circadian rhythm sleep disorder is best described as

• a sleep disorder in which sleep and waking are delayed.

• a sleep disorder in which sleep and waking are advanced.

• a sleep disorder that interferes with the typical regulation of the circadian rhythm of sleep.

• a sleep disorder that biologically changes the sleep-wake cycle.

Koko is a year 12 student. During the week, she begins to feel sleepy at around midnight and usually doesn’t fall asleep until 1am or 2am, even though she has to wake up for school at 6am. She often feels really tired for the first hours of being awake.

Koko is likely to be experiencing

• delayed sleep phase syndrome.

• advanced sleep phase disorder.

• a shift work-related sleep disorder.

• both a shift work-related sleep disorder and advanced sleep phase disorder.

Poppy is a baker who has to work night shifts. Five nights a week she has to work from 1am to 7am, and suffers from difficulty sleeping on the nights she does not have to work as she feels very awake. Poppy’s doctor has recommended that she use bright light therapy. Bright light therapy will help Poppy by resetting

• her ultradian rhythms as she is experiencing a circadian rhythm sleep disorder.

• her ultradian rhythms as she is experiencing delayed sleep phase disorder.

• her circadian rhythms as she is experiencing advanced sleep phase disorder.

• her circadian rhythms as she is experiencing a shift work-related sleep disorder.

Which of the following is important in bright light therapy? (Select all that apply)

• Appropriate timing of exposure sessions.

• The right amount of light.

• Safe exposure.

• Exposure to light only at night-time.

Answer explanation

Exposure to light only at night-time is not a necessary condition for bright light therapy to be successful, as it depends on the individual’s disorder when they should be exposed to bright light.

Shift work disorder is least likely to occur when:

• the roster rotates quickly from one shift to another

• the roster rotates slowly from one shift type to another

• the roster rotates every 3 days

• the shift-worker avoids context-dependent cues

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Circadian Rhythm Phase Disorders?

• they involve a mismatch the individual's sleep wake pattern and the pattern that is desired or required

• the adolescent sleep-wake shift, jet lag, and shift-work disorder are all types of circadian rhythm phase disorders

• they are characterised by inappropriate physiological and psychological behaviours that occur while sleeping

• people with these disorders often complain of not being able to sleep when needed, or wake up when needed

Which of the following is NOT true about Bright Light Therapy?

• The patient is required to stare directly into a light source for a certain amount of time each day

• It can be used to reset the biological clock to a sleep pattern that is desired or required

• It involves exposing the patient to intense but safe amounts of light

• It requires a number of sessions over multiple days to reset the sleep wake cycle to a desired pattern

What is the primary goal of bright light therapy in treating circadian rhythm sleep disorders?

• To increase melatonin production

• To reset the body's internal clock

• To reduce anxiety levels

• To enhance REM sleep