Software Development Concepts

What is Agile methodology?

• Agile methodology is a project management approach that emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, and incremental development.

• Agile methodology is a waterfall project management approach.

• Agile methodology focuses on individual work rather than collaboration.

• Agile methodology does not involve incremental development.

Name two popular Agile frameworks.

• Lean

• Extreme Programming

• Scrum, Kanban

• Waterfall

Explain the concept of user stories in Agile.

• User stories are a way to capture requirements for software development in a concise and understandable manner, focusing on the value they provide to the end user.

• User stories are fictional narratives created by developers for entertainment purposes.

• User stories are only used in traditional waterfall project management methodologies.

• User stories are detailed technical specifications written by project managers.

What is the difference between Scrum and Kanban?

• Scrum has predefined roles, events, and artifacts with iterations and sprints, while Kanban focuses on continuous delivery and limiting work in progress.

• Scrum is a waterfall approach, while Kanban is an agile approach.

• Scrum and Kanban are the same methodology with different names.

• Scrum is focused on individual tasks, while Kanban is focused on team collaboration.

Define encapsulation in object-oriented programming.

• Encapsulation refers to the process of converting data into a format that can be easily stored and retrieved.

• Encapsulation is the process of breaking down a class into smaller parts for better organization.

• Encapsulation is a term used to describe the process of converting objects into primitive data types.

• Encapsulation in object-oriented programming is bundling the data (attributes) and methods (functions) that operate on the data into a single unit or class, restricting access to some components.

What is inheritance in object-oriented programming?

• Inheritance is a mechanism where a class inherits properties from an abstract class

• Inheritance is a mechanism where a class inherits properties from an interface

• Inheritance is a mechanism where a class inherits properties from a subclass

• Inheritance in object-oriented programming is a mechanism where a new class inherits properties and behaviors from an existing class.

Explain the concept of polymorphism.

• Polymorphism is the ability of a single function or method to operate on different types of data.

• Polymorphism is the ability of a single function to operate on only one type of data.

• Polymorphism is the ability of a single function to operate on data of the same type.

• Polymorphism is the ability of a single function to operate on multiple types of data simultaneously.

What is the purpose of the planning phase in SDLC?

• To skip the project planning phase entirely

• To only focus on the technical aspects of the project

• To delay the project start date

• To define project scope, objectives, deliverables, timelines, identify stakeholders, create project plan, and allocate resources.

Describe the importance of testing in the SDLC.

• Testing only adds delays to the project

• Testing is important in the SDLC to identify defects early, ensure software quality, reduce risks, and provide confidence in system functionality.

• Testing can be skipped to save costs

• Testing is not important in the SDLC

What is the role of a product owner in software development?

• Represents customer/business stakeholders, prioritizes backlog, communicates requirements, ensures final product meets customer needs

• Handles customer support

• Writes code for the project

• Manages server infrastructure