Earth Science Fundamentals

What is the main component of Earth's mantle?

• Silicate minerals

• Carbon compounds

• Iron minerals

• Aluminum oxides

Who proposed the theory of Plate Tectonics?

• Charles Darwin

• Isaac Newton

• Alfred Wegener

• Marie Curie

What causes volcanic eruptions?

• Tectonic plate movement

• Rainfall

• Release of magma from beneath the Earth's crust

• Solar flares

Which major tectonic region is known as the 'Ring of Fire'?

• Pacific Ring of Fire

• Arctic Ring of Fire

• Indian Ring of Fire

• Atlantic Ring of Fire

What is the composition of the Earth's mantle?

• Carbonate rocks rich in calcium and magnesium

• Metallic alloys of iron and nickel

• Sulfide minerals rich in sulfur and copper

• Silicate rocks rich in magnesium and iron

What evidence supports the theory of continental drift?

• Different moon phases

• Varying ocean currents

• Changes in Earth's magnetic field

• Fit of continents, matching geological features, similar fossils, distribution of ancient climates and glaciation patterns

How do earthquakes occur?

• Earthquakes occur due to the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust, often caused by the movement of tectonic plates along faults.

• Earthquakes are caused by excessive rainfall

• Earthquakes occur due to volcanic eruptions

• Earthquakes happen when the moon is in a specific phase

Which tectonic plates are involved in the Himalayan mountain formation?

• Indian Plate and Eurasian Plate

• Pacific Plate and African Plate

• Antarctic Plate and Australian Plate

• North American Plate and South American Plate

What type of volcano is known for its explosive eruptions?

• Shield volcano

• Caldera

• Lava dome

• Stratovolcano

What is the significance of the Ring of Fire in terms of volcanic activity?

• The Ring of Fire is significant in terms of volcanic activity because it is home to about 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes.

• The Ring of Fire is a man-made structure that causes volcanic eruptions

• The Ring of Fire only has a few volcanoes compared to other regions

• The Ring of Fire has no impact on volcanic activity