Earth Science Review 2024

Astronomers have determined that the star Arcturus has a surface temperature of 4560 K and a luminosity of 170. Based on these characteristics, Arcturus is classifi ed as which type of star?

• giant

• supergiant

• white dwarf

• main sequence

The image below shows the near-Earth asteroid Itokawa. Which surface feature would be created if Itokawa hit Earth’s surface?

• volcanic crater

• impact crater

• mountain valley

• rift valley

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

The north end of Earth’s axis of rotation points toward

• Alpha Centauri

• Betelgeuse

• Polaris

• Spica

What is the approximate percentage of Earth’s surface that is covered by the hydrosphere?

• 10%

• 50%

• 70%

• 90%

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

The table below shows the times of high tides and low tides for a coastal location. How much time occurred between the high tides on this day?

• approximately 6.5 hours

• a little less than 12 hours

• almost 12.5 hours

• a little more than 24 hours

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

The map below shows a weather variable recorded at the same time across the United States. According to the data on the map, which weather variable was most likely recorded?

• wind speed in knots

• air pressure in millibars

• rainfall in inches in the last 6 hours

• air temperature in degrees Fahrenheit

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

The table below shows the dates of peak activity of four meteor showers for fi ve different years. Meteor showers are named for the constellations in which they appear to originate, as observed from Earth. Based on the data, the dates of these meteor showers appear to depend on the

• position of Earth in its orbit

• turning of Earth on its axis

• phase of the Moon during the month

• movement of meteors in their orbits

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

The diagram below represents four different land surfaces of equal area. Which area would most likely have the greatest permeability as each area receives the same amount of rainfall?

• sand

• grassy field with silt soil

• pebbles

• forest with clay soil

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

The diagram below represents a portion of the water cycle. Letters A, B, C, and D represent processes or features related to the water cycle. Arrows represent movement of water.

• 
• 
• 
• 

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

The leading edge of a thunderstorm reached Elmira, New York, at 1:00 p.m. This thunderstorm was moving eastward at 45 miles per hour. The leading edge of the thunderstorm most likely reached Binghamton, New York, at approximately

• 1:00 p.m.

• 2:00 p.m.

• 12:00 p.m.

• 4:00 p.m.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5