Crash Course European History: The Catholic Reformation

What was one of the main reasons for the Catholic Reformation?

• To respond to the Protestant Reformation

• To expand European territories

• To promote scientific discoveries

• To increase trade with Asia

Who was responsible for initiating the Catholic Reformation?

• John Calvin

• Pope Paul III

• Martin Luther

• King Henry VIII

What was the main goal of the Council of Trent?

• To establish new trade routes

• To stop the Protestant momentum

• To create new scientific theories

• To explore the New World

What did the Council of Trent affirm about the communion sacrament?

• It is not necessary for salvation

• It should be performed only on Sundays

• It becomes the actual body and blood of Jesus

• It is symbolic of Jesus' body and blood

Who founded the Society of Jesus, also known as the Jesuits?

• Pope Paul III

• Martin Luther

• John Calvin

• Ignatius of Loyola

What was a key characteristic of Jesuit education?

• Training in agricultural techniques

• Exclusively religious studies

• Emphasis on humanistic education alongside religious instruction

• Focus on military training

What was one of the global impacts of the Jesuits?

• They created new languages

• They discovered new continents

• They spread Catholicism worldwide

• They established new trade routes

Who was Saint Teresa of Avila?

• A Renaissance artist

• A Jesuit missionary

• A Protestant reformer

• A Spanish mystic and nun

What was Saint Teresa of Avila known for?

• Founding new Carmelite orders

• Creating baroque art

• Leading the Inquisition

• Writing Protestant doctrines

What was the aim of art during the Counter-Reformation?

• To promote scientific discoveries

• To depict historical events

• To connect with ordinary people and evoke emotions

• To produce subtle symbolism