PAS_XI_Bahasa Inggris

The ethnic groups in the mountain regions of southwest and central Sulawesi (Celebes) are known by the name of Toraja, which has come to mean “Those who live upstream” or “Those who live in the mountains”. Their name is in fact derived from the word Raja, which in Sanskrit means “King”. The society is hierarchically structured (the noblemen are called Rengnge, the ordinary people to Makaka, and the slaves to Kaunan) birth determines which rank a person will occupy.

The distinctive features of the traditional houses (Tongkonan) of the Toraja are the “Buffalo horns”, the roof design and the rich decoration on the walls. The buffalo is a symbol of status, courage, strength, and fighting spirit.

Designed as a representation of the universe, the Tongkonan is constructed in three parts: the upper world (the roof), the world of humans (the middle of the building), and the underworld (the space under the floor). The highly distinctive roofs constructed by the Toraja have given rise to various ingenious interpretations. Certainly the roof is something of deep significance for the Toraja, and even today they build “Modern” (in other words houses built with cement) houses with such roofs.

What is the text about?

• The society of Toraja

• The culture of Toraja

• The ethnic groups of southwest and central Sulawesi

• The distinctive features of traditional houses

• The description of a traditional house of Toraja

The ethnic groups in the mountain regions of southwest and central Sulawesi (Celebes) are known by the name of Toraja, which has come to mean “Those who live upstream” or “Those who live in the mountains”. Their name is in fact derived from the word Raja, which in Sanskrit means “King”. The society is hierarchically structured (the noblemen are called Rengnge, the ordinary people to Makaka, and the slaves to Kaunan) birth determines which rank a person will occupy.

The distinctive features of the traditional houses (Tongkonan) of the Toraja are the “Buffalo horns”, the roof design and the rich decoration on the walls. The buffalo is a symbol of status, courage, strength, and fighting spirit.

Designed as a representation of the universe, the Tongkonan is constructed in three parts: the upper world (the roof), the world of humans (the middle of the building), and the underworld (the space under the floor). The highly distinctive roofs constructed by the Toraja have given rise to various ingenious interpretations. Certainly, the roof is something of deep significance for the Toraja, and even today they build “Modern” (in other words houses built with cement) houses with such roofs.

“... and even today they build modern ... “(paragraph 3)

The underlined word refers to ....

• Mountains Region

• Toraja People

• Rengnge

• Society

• Raja

The ethnic groups in the mountain regions of southwest and central Sulawesi (Celebes) are known by the name of Toraja, which has come to mean “Those who live upstream” or “Those who live in the mountains”. Their name is in fact derived from the word Raja, which in Sanskrit means “King”. The society is hierarchically structured (the noblemen are called Rengnge, the ordinary people to Makaka, and the slaves to Kaunan) birth determines which rank a person will occupy.

The distinctive features of the traditional houses (Tongkonan) of the Toraja are the “Buffalo horns”, the roof design and the rich decoration on the walls. The buffalo is a symbol of status, courage, strength, and fighting spirit.

Designed as a representation of the universe, the Tongkonan is constructed in three parts: the upper world (the roof), the world of humans (the middle of the building), and the underworld (the space under the floor). The highly distinctive roofs constructed by the Toraja have given rise to various ingenious interpretations. Certainly, the roof is something of deep significance for the Toraja, and even today they build “Modern” (in other words houses built with cement) houses with such roofs.

What are the ordinary people commonly called?

• Tongkonan

• Makaka

• Celebes

• Rengenge

• Kaunan

The ethnic groups in the mountain regions of southwest and central Sulawesi (Celebes) are known by the name of Toraja, which has come to mean “Those who live upstream” or “Those who live in the mountains”. Their name is in fact derived from the word Raja, which in Sanskrit means “King”. The society is hierarchically structured (the noblemen are called Rengnge, the ordinary people to Makaka, and the slaves to Kaunan) birth determines which rank a person will occupy.

The distinctive features of the traditional houses (Tongkonan) of the Toraja are the “Buffalo horns”, the roof design and the rich decoration on the walls. The buffalo is a symbol of status, courage, strength, and fighting spirit.

Designed as a representation of the universe, the Tongkonan is constructed in three parts: the upper world (the roof), the world of humans (the middle of the building), and the underworld (the space under the floor). The highly distinctive roofs constructed by the Toraja have given rise to various ingenious interpretations. Certainly, the roof is something of deep significance for the Toraja, and even today they build “Modern” (in other words houses built with cement) houses with such roofs.

Which of the following does not symbolize a buffalo?

• Fighting spirit

• Courage

• Cowardice

• Strength

• Status

I haven't seen them since yesterday.

The passive form of the sentence above is …

• She is seen by them

• She has been seen them

• They have not been seen by her

• They have seen her

• They have seen by her

Rini      : My sister said, “I bought a new bag yesterday”.

Lovita   : …

• My sister said that she has bought a new bag the day before.

• My sister said that she bought a new bag yesterday.

• My sister said that I bought a new bag yesterday.

• My sister said that I bought a new bag the day before.

• My sister said that she had bought a new bag the day before.

Read the dialog below!

Anna : Hey, can I get my book back, please? The one that you borrowed from me last week? I need it.

Bryan : Oh, I'm sorry. I forgot to bring it because of my little brother. He made such a fuss this morning. Thanks to the new nanny who could finally handle him.

Anna : It's ok. Can you bring it back tomorrow? I need to read that book due to my assignments.

Bryan : Sure. I’ll bring it tomorrow.

Why did Bryan forget to bring Anna’s book?.....

• Because the new Nanny read that book

• Because his little brother made such a fuss

• Because of the new Nanny

• Because of Anna’s book

• Because he couldn’t find it this morning

Kevin        : When did the accident happen?

Valencia   : When the goods from the truck........

• Are unloaded

• Are being unloaded

• Were being unloaded

• Have been unloaded

• Will be unloaded

I love living in Sumatera … the weather.

• as

• Since

• Because

• Because of

• of

Teacher: “What’s the matter with you?”

Student: “I am sorry, ma’am, I didn’t know.”

Teacher: “I’m sure you didn’t study last night. What did you do?”

Student: “….

How might the student respond to the teacher’s question?

• I wasn’t busy last night.

• The movie was interesting.

• The movie was easy to understand.

• I watched an interesting movie until late last night.

• I studied too late last night.