CCP Chapter 3 & 4

Which statement accurately distinguishes between dichotomous variables and continuous variables in psychological research?

• Dichotomous variables can take on any value within a range, while continuous variables are restricted to two categories.

• Dichotomous variables are used to measure physical traits, whereas continuous variables are used for psychological traits.

• Dichotomous variables have two distinct categories, while continuous variables can take on any value within a given range.

• Dichotomous variables are less prone to measurement error compared to continuous variables.

Which scenario best illustrates the assimilation bias in cross-cultural psychology?

• Ignoring cultural differences and assuming everyone has the same values.

• Using stereotypes to make judgments about individuals from different cultures.

• Interpreting new information in a way that fits existing beliefs and schemas.

• Focusing on the similarities between cultures rather than the differences.

How might the self-fulfilling prophecy interact with assimilation bias in a cross-cultural context?

• A researcher might interpret ambiguous behaviors in a way that confirms cultural stereotypes, reinforcing their original expectations.

• Individuals from different cultures might change their behavior to fit into the dominant culture, thereby negating stereotypes.

• People might perceive others’ behaviors based on cultural schemas, leading to an overestimation of individual variability within cultures.

• The tendency to use broad cultural categories can lead to overlooking specific situational factors influencing behavior.

A child in a culture that values individual achievement explains that cheating on a test is wrong because it prevents learning and personal growth.

How does this reasoning reflect the cultural influence on moral development?

• It shows a focus on community welfare.

• It highlights the importance of individual integrity and self-improvement.

• • It indicates a pre-conventional level of moral reasoning.

• It demonstrates a lack of understanding of moral principles.

Which of the following best describes the role of culture in the process of socialization?

• Culture provides a uniform set of behaviors and attitudes that all individuals in a society adopt.

• Culture shapes the values, beliefs, and norms that guide how individuals learn to interact within their society.

• Socialization is solely determined by biological factors and is minimally influenced by cultural context.

• Culture has no impact on socialization processes, which are universally the same across different societies.

According to Berry's model of acculturation, which acculturation strategy involves maintaining one's original culture while also actively seeking to engage with and participate in the new culture?

• Assimilation

• Separation

• Integration

• Marginalization