Endocrine System: Mechanisms of Hormones & Target Cells

Which of these is NOT a way in which hormones affect target cells?

• changing the color of the cell
• Alter plasma membrane permeability of membrane potential by opening or closing ion channels

• Induce secretory activity

• Activate or deactivate enzyme systems

Which of the following is a function of hormones in the body?

• Regulating metabolism

• Changing the DNA sequence

• Producing red blood cells

• Generating nerve impulses

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

What is a common effect of hormones on target cells?

• Increasing the number of chromosomes

• Altering gene expression

• Changing the cell's shape permanently

• Producing antibodies

What term describes the process of a hormone causing target cells to form more receptors?

• Up regulation

• Receptorization
• Hyperregulation
• Down regulation

Which factor does NOT affect target cell activation?

• pH levels of hormone

• Blood levels of the hormone

• relative number of receptors on target cell

• affinity of binding between receptor and hormone

How are hormones typically removed from the blood?

• Breakdown by the skin
• Absorption by the lungs
• Metabolism by the liver and excretion by the kidneys
• Neutralization by the stomach

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

What is the half-life of a hormone?

• The period a hormone is stored in glands

• The duration of a hormone’s synthesis

• The time a hormone remains active in the target cell

• The time required for a hormone’s blood level to decrease by half

How are blood levels of hormones typically controlled?

• Positive feedback mechanism
• Endocrine system
• Voluntary control
• Negative feedback mechanism

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

What disease is an example of down regulation?

• Alzheimer's Disease
• Type 2 Diabetes
• Asthma
• Hypertension

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

What role do degrading enzymes play in hormone action?

• Degrading enzymes break down hormones after they have carried out their function.
• Degrading enzymes have no impact on hormone action.
• Degrading enzymes enhance the effects of hormones.
• Degrading enzymes activate hormones before they are used.