RNA, transcription and translation

What is the first step in decoding genetic messages from DNA?

• Copying the entire DNA sequence

• Copying part of the nucleotide sequence from DNA to RNA

• Translating RNA into proteins

• Replicating the DNA

What do RNA molecules contain that is crucial for protein synthesis?

• Lipids

• Carbohydrates

• Encoded information needed to make proteins

• Enzymes

What is RNA made up of?

• Amino acids

• Nucleotides

• Fatty acids

• Polysaccharides

What is each nucleotide in RNA composed of?

• A 6-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base

• A 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base

• A 4-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base

• A 3-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base

Which sugar is found in RNA?

• Deoxyribose

• Glucose

• Ribose

• Fructose

How many strands does RNA have?

• One

• Two

• Three

• Four

Which nitrogen base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

• Adenine

• Thymine

• Cytosine

• Uracil

What is the RNA molecule described as in relation to a segment of DNA?

• A) A permanent copy

• B) A disposable copy

• C) A mutated copy

• D) An identical copy

In many cases, what is the RNA molecule a functional copy of?

• A) A chromosome

• B) A protein

• C) A single gene

• D) A cell

What does the ability to copy a single DNA sequence into RNA imply about the production of RNA molecules?

• A) A single gene can produce one RNA molecule

• B) A single gene can produce hundreds, if not thousands, of RNA molecules

• C) A single gene can produce no RNA molecules

• D) A single gene can produce only a few RNA molecules