Types of Rocks and Geological Processes

What is weathering?

• Breaking down rocks into smaller pieces

• Moving rocks to a new place

• Growing plants

• Melting ice

Answer explanation

Weathering is the process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces, which is the correct answer choice provided.

What is erosion?

• Breaking down rocks

• Moving pieces of rock to a new place

• Growing crystals

• Melting ice

Answer explanation

Erosion is the process of breaking down rocks, making 'Breaking down rocks' the correct choice.

How are sedimentary rocks made?

• By melting

• By pressing together layers of sediments

• By freezing

• By growing crystals

Answer explanation

Sedimentary rocks are made by pressing together layers of sediments, not by melting, freezing, or growing crystals.

How are metamorphic rocks made?

• By heating and squeezing other rocks

• By cooling magma

• By water flowing

• By freezing water

Answer explanation

Metamorphic rocks are made by heating and squeezing other rocks, causing them to change form without melting. This process occurs deep within the Earth's crust.

What is an intrusive rock?

• Rock that forms inside a volcano

• Rock that forms below Earth's surface and cools slowly

• Rock that forms on Earth's surface and cools quickly

• Rock that forms inside a river

Answer explanation

An intrusive rock is a rock that forms below Earth's surface and cools slowly, leading to the development of large crystals within the rock.

What is a rock?

• A type of plant

• A liquid found underground

• Made up of one or more minerals

• A type of water

Answer explanation

A rock is made up of one or more minerals, not a type of plant, liquid found underground, or a type of water.

What is an extrusive rock?

• Rock that forms below Earth's surface and cools slowly

• Rock that forms on Earth's surface and cools quickly

• Rock that forms inside a volcano

• Rock that forms inside a river

Answer explanation

Rock that forms on Earth's surface and cools quickly is an extrusive rock, as it solidifies rapidly due to exposure to the cooler temperatures of the surface environment.

What are the three types of rocks?

• Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic

• Hard, Soft, Liquid

• Big, Small, Tiny

• Shiny, Dull, Bright

Answer explanation

The three types of rocks are Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic, not Hard, Soft, Liquid; Big, Small, Tiny; or Shiny, Dull, Bright.

What is an example of an igneous rock?

• Limestone

• Basalt

• Sandstone

• Marble

Answer explanation

An example of an igneous rock is Basalt, as it is formed from solidified lava or magma.

Why do extrusive rocks have small crystals?

• They cool down quickly on the surface

• They are made of plants

• They cool slowly below the Earth's surface

• They are formed by water

Answer explanation

They cool down quickly on the surface