Crime & Society Quiz

According to the labelling theory in criminology, what does the viewpoint focus on?

• Society's reaction to deviant behavior

• The causes behind deviant behavior

• The criminal's background

• The consequences of criminal behavior

What is the term used to describe the process where individuals embrace the label of deviant or criminal as part of their self-identity?

• Reintegrative Shaming

• Primary Deviance

• Secondary Deviance

• Social Stigmatization

Which theory suggests that individuals who engage in deviant behavior may be shamed for it but can be accepted back into society without being labeled as deviant forever?

• Ross L. Matsueda and Karen Heimer’s Differential Social Control Theory

• Bruce Link’s Modified Labelling Theories

• John Braithwaite’s Reintegrative Shaming Theory

• Labelling and Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

What is the main focus of Matsueda and Heimer’s Differential Social Control Theory?

• How individuals react to being labelled as deviant

• The impact of social stigmatization on individuals

• The consequences of societal responses to deviant behavior

• The idea of role taking and appropriate actions

What is the process of labelling individuals as offenders, stigmatizing them, and subjecting them to social control measures such as arrest and imprisonment known as?

• Criminal Justice System

• Social Stigmatization

• Reintegrative Shaming

• Primary Deviance

According to the labelling theory, what can societal reactions and authorities' responses lead individuals to do?

• Reject the deviant label

• Engage in legal behavior

• Conform to societal expectations

• Avoid any further criminal behavior

What is the term used to describe behaviors that elicit little social response and have short-term effects?

• Primary Deviance

• Secondary Deviance

• Social Stigmatization

• Reintegrative Shaming

Which theory focuses on the idea of making amends for wrong actions with those affected by the behavior?

• Labelling and Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

• Ross L. Matsueda and Karen Heimer’s Differential Social Control Theory

• John Braithwaite’s Reintegrative Shaming Theory

• Bruce Link’s Modified Labelling Theories

What can the criminal justice system be a significant source of, according to the text?

• Reintegrative Shaming

• Stigmatization

• Social Stigmatization

• Labelling and Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

What is the term used to describe the process where individuals are marked as deviant or criminal, making it difficult for them to reintegrate into society?

• Reintegrative Shaming

• Social Stigmatization

• Criminal Justice System

• Primary Deviance