Lesson 1, Unit 2

What was the economic impact of the saltpeter industry on Chile during 20th century?

• It made possible to a create synthetic one

• • It caused economic instability

• • It was the major source of money

• • It led to an increase in tourism

What factors contributed to the outbreak of the War of the Pacific?

• The shortage of labor

• Border issues and tensions

• The foreign demand for saltpeter

• The discovery of new deposits

Which territories came under Chilean control after the War of the Pacific?

• Valparaíso & Santiago

• La Paz & Cochabamba

• Lima & Arequipa

• Tarapacá & Antofagasta

Who were the main owners of the saltpeter mines after the war?

• Local communities

• Chilean government

• Foreign investors

• Peruvian entrepreneurs

What proportion of saltpeter production was allocated to cover operating costs?

• One-third

• Half

• Two-thirds

• One-fourth

What areas benefited from the fiscal resources generated by the saltpeter tax?

• Agriculture and fishing

• Tourism and culture

• Defense and security

• Education and infraestructure

What were significant drivers of rural-to-urban migration in 20th century Chile?

• Decline in urban job opportunities

• Expansion of rural agricultural sectors

• Industrialization and modernization processes

• Decrease in urban population density

Which sectors experienced expansion in urban centers, attracting rural migrants in 20th century Chile?

• Agriculture

• Mining

• Fishing

• Traditional crafts

Besides economic factors, what else contributed to rural-to-urban migration?

• Lack of access to education

• Poor urban infrastructure

• Limited transportation options

• Changes in social classes and desires

How did rural-to-urban migration impact urban centers?

• It resulted in overcrowding and lack of urban infrastructure

• It decreased competition for jobs in urban areas

• It led to a decline in industrial sectors

• It improved living standards in rural regions