Nucleic Acid Probe Quiz

What are the two main classes of nucleic acids?

• Carbohydrate and Vitamin

• Enzyme and Hormone

• Protein and Lipid

• DNA and RNA

Answer explanation

The two main classes of nucleic acids are DNA and RNA, not Carbohydrate, Vitamin, Enzyme, Hormone, Protein, or Lipid.

What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

• Phosphate group, Pentose sugar, and Nitrogen base

• Ribose sugar, Amino group, and Hydrogen base

• Carboxyl group, Glucose, and Phosphate base

• Methyl group, Deoxyribose sugar, and Oxygen base

Answer explanation

The three parts of a nucleotide are Phosphate group, Pentose sugar, and Nitrogen base.

Which nitrogenous base is found only in DNA?

• Cytosine

• Thymine

• Adenine

• Uracil

Answer explanation

Thymine is the nitrogenous base found only in DNA, distinguishing it from RNA which contains Uracil instead.

How are Adenine and Thymine connected in DNA?

• Through ionic bonds

• Through three hydrogen bonds

• Through two hydrogen bonds

• Through covalent bonds

Answer explanation

Adenine and Thymine are connected in DNA through two hydrogen bonds.

What is the function of a nucleic acid probe?

• Stores genetic information

• Forms hydrogen bonds with nitrogenous bases

• Breaks down nucleotides into smaller molecules

• Interacts with a complementary sequence of a target nucleic acid

Answer explanation

The function of a nucleic acid probe is to interact with a complementary sequence of a target nucleic acid, allowing for specific detection and identification.

How are probes usually labeled?

• Radioactive isotopes, Enzymes, Chemiluminescent labels

• Proteins, Carbohydrates, Lipids

• Alcohols, Ketones, Aldehydes

• Acids, Bases, Salts

Answer explanation

Probes are usually labeled with radioactive isotopes, enzymes, and chemiluminescent labels for detection purposes.

What is the disadvantage of using radioactive isotopes as labels?

• No special equipment required

• High expensive, Risk in handling, Health hazards

• Easily available, No risks involved

• Low cost, Safe handling, No health risks

Answer explanation

High expensive, Risk in handling, Health hazards are the disadvantages of using radioactive isotopes as labels.

What is the purpose of hybridization in nucleic acid probe technology?

• Isolate and denature DNA

• Amplify any target DNA

• Synthesize new nucleotides

• Detect the presence of complementary sequence of microbial DNA

Answer explanation

The purpose of hybridization in nucleic acid probe technology is to detect the presence of complementary sequence of microbial DNA.

How is the formation of hybrid DNA detected in hybridization experiments?

• Radioactive isotope exposure, Enzyme addition, Chemiluminescent detection

• Autoradiography, Color change, Light emission

• X-ray film exposure, Substrate addition, Luminometer detection

• Black spot appearance, Colorimeteric detection, Light emission

Answer explanation

Hybrid DNA is detected in hybridization experiments through X-ray film exposure, Substrate addition, and Luminometer detection.

Why did nucleic acid probe technology become more widely used?

• Low demand, Inefficient results, Lack of resources

• No advancements, No improvements, No applications

• High cost, Limited detection capabilities, Lack of technology

• PCR technology, Development of easily detected labels, Introduction of DNA synthesizers

Answer explanation

PCR technology, Development of easily detected labels, Introduction of DNA synthesizers are the reasons nucleic acid probe technology became more widely used.