9.14 Cultural, Artistic, and Demographic Trends

What philosophical movement emerged in the 1950s that challenged Enlightenment certainty?

• Modernism

• Post-modernism

• Rationalism

• Existentialism

Which artist is associated with the Cubism movement?

• James Joyce

• Pablo Picasso

• Marcel Duchamp

• Salvador Dali

What was a major theme of existentialism?

• Science can solve all problems

• All truth is absolute

• People must create their own meaning

• The world is perfect

What significant change did the Second Vatican Council bring to the Catholic Church?

• Allowed Mass to be said in vernacular languages

• Prohibited modern music in services

• Required all priests to learn Latin

• Banned the use of Latin in Mass

Which movement is associated with the idea that life and art should be devoid of purpose?

• Impressionism

• Futurism

• Dadaism

• Surrealism

Who was a vocal critic of Nazi policies and founded the Confessing Church?

• Friedrich Nietzsche

• Dietrich Bonhoeffer

• Pope John Paul II

• Franz Kafka

What was the main focus of the Modernist school of Architecture?

• Use of traditional materials

• Gothic revival styles

• Design based on function

• Ornamentation in design

What was the primary form of composition used by James Joyce?

• Narrative prose

• Stream of Consciousness

• Haiku

• Free verse poetry

What was the main cause of the Baby Boom in post-war Europe?

• Lack of education

• Decrease in living standards

• Neonatalist policies

• Increased consumerism