1 - Introduction to Cyber Security

What is the main goal of Information Security?

• Prevention

• Detection

• Recovery

• Authorization

Answer explanation

The main goal of Information Security is Prevention, which focuses on stopping security incidents before they occur.

What is the concept that indicates exposure to the chance of damage or loss?

• Risk

• Vulnerabilities

• Threats

• Attacks

Answer explanation

The concept that indicates exposure to the chance of damage or loss is 'Risk'. It encompasses vulnerabilities, threats, and potential attacks.

What are conditions that leave a device open to harm called?

• Vulnerabilities

• Threats

• Attacks

• Controls

Answer explanation

Conditions that leave a device open to harm are called vulnerabilities, making it the correct choice.

What is a technique used to exploit a vulnerability without authorization?

• Vulnerabilities

• Controls

• Attacks

• Threats

Answer explanation

Attacks are the technique used to exploit a vulnerability without authorization, making it the correct choice among the options provided.

What are countermeasures put in place to avoid security risks called?

• Controls

• Attacks

• Vulnerabilities

• Threats

Answer explanation

Countermeasures put in place to avoid security risks are called controls.

What is the process of determining what rights and privileges an entity has?

• Authentication

• Authorization

• Identification

• Recovery

Answer explanation

Authorization is the process of determining what rights and privileges an entity has.

What is the process of transforming plaintext to ciphertext that cannot be directly decrypted?

• Steganography

• Decryption

• Encryption

• Hashing

Answer explanation

The process of transforming plaintext to ciphertext that cannot be directly decrypted is known as hashing. Hashing is a one-way function that converts data into a fixed-size string of bytes.

What is the component of asymmetric encryption that is kept secret?

• Symmetric key

• Shared key

• Private key

• Public key

Answer explanation

The component of asymmetric encryption that is kept secret is the Private key.

What is the value that results from hashing encryption called?

• Hash

• Hash function

• Ciphertext

• Message digest

Answer explanation

The value that results from hashing encryption is called a message digest, which is a fixed-size string generated by applying a hash function to the input data.

What is the process of translating plaintext to ciphertext called?

• Enciphering

• Deciphering

• Ciphers

• Codes

Answer explanation

The process of translating plaintext to ciphertext is called Enciphering.