State and developnment

what is al-hisbah?

• Grand library of Baghdad, which is to be a major Abbasid-era public academy and intellectual center in Baghdad

• a control function of the government through persons acting to control moral, religion and economy

• Islamic manuals for rulers which is comprehensive in coverage ranging from religious guidance and maintenance of law

• absence of government due to the absence of governmental authority

According to Al-Mawardi, the following verse of the Quran indicating....

• The origin of taxation (kharaj)

• the replacement of fixed land tax to proportional agricultural tax

• the emergence bayt al-mal

• the origin of al-hisbah

Which of the following is NOT the state responsibility

• elimination of poverty

• supply of necessities

• manage trading houses

• building infrastructure for development of the economy

Which of the following muslim scholars become inclined towards laissez faire policy?

• Ibn Rushd

• Abu Yusuf

• Ibn Khaldun

• Ibn Zanjawayh

Which taxes was inherited from the Persian rulers and later was adopted by the second caliph Umar al-Khattab?

• Tithe ('ushr)

• land tax (kharaj)

• fixed land tax (misahah)

• proportional agricultural tax (muqasamah)

why fixed land tax was replace by proportional agricultural tax?

• corruption among tax collector

• fixed rate of the fixed land taxes causes hardship if the produce is lower than expected

• fixed land tax is more fair and equitable that proportionally agricultural tax

According to Abu Yusuf, rates of poll tax and land tax are not predetermined by Shariah. They are variable subject to...

• honesty of the tax collector

• government expenditure

• government strength

• condition of the land

Which of the following muslim scholars opposed the tax farming (qabalah)?

• Abu Yusuf

• Ibn Khaldun

• Ibn Rushd

• Al-Ghazali

What is ghanimah?

• revenue from miscellaneous sources

• poor due

• spoils of war

• public finance

Which of the following scholars introduced a Laffer Curve?

• Al-Ghazali

• Ibn Rushd

• Ibn Khaldun

• Ibn Taymiyah