Part 2

What is an election?

• A way to choose the national anthem

• A form of mass participation where individuals express preferences for candidates

• A process of selecting the president directly

• A method of appointing judges

What is the purpose of proportional representation (PR)?

• To encourage a large number of small parties

• To ensure only one party wins all the seats

• To prevent any party from gaining representation

• To eliminate elections altogether

What is the threshold rule in PR systems?

• The rule that only the top two parties can win seats

• The maximum number of candidates allowed in an election

• The requirement for candidates to pass a physical threshold

• The minimum percentage of votes a party must receive to secure a seat

Advantage of PR systems include:

• Minority interests are not represented

• Women are less likely to be elected

• Only extreme parties are facilitated

• Emphasis on ideas over personalities

What is a disadvantage of PR systems?

• It promotes extremist parties

• Too many small parties with disproportionate importance

• Only large parties are represented

• It limits the number of women in office

What is the First Past the Post (FPTP) system?

• A system where all candidates win

• A system where the candidate with the most votes wins

• A system where the first candidate to reach the post wins

• A system where the last candidate wins

What is a characteristic of Pure FPTP?

• Results in a lack of representation for minority parties

• Uses majority rule

• Allows for multiple winners in a district

• Requires candidates to run as independents

What is Runoff Voting in FPTP systems?

• A system where the top two candidates compete again for a majority vote

• A system where all candidates run multiple times

• A system where the winner is chosen randomly

• A system where the last candidate is eliminated

What are Single-Member Districts (SMD)?

• Districts where only one candidate is elected

• Districts where the president is elected

• Districts where multiple candidates are elected

• Districts where no candidates are elected

What is the Alternative Vote Approach?

• A system where voters can rank candidates in order of preference

• A system where only one candidate can be chosen

• A system where candidates are eliminated randomly

• A system where voters can only vote once