EES Review 1

Which best describes how energy from the sun helps to maintain life on Earth?

• It heats the Earth's atmosphere and surface, which helps stabilize temperatures on Earth and creates environments more favorable for life to exist.

• It forms the ocean’s water and the oxygen in the atmosphere that organisms need for life functions.

• It prevents the destruction of the magnetic field around Earth that protects all life forms.

• It is absorbed by Earth’s mantle, which drives plate tectonics to form new land masses for organisms to live.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which condition is necessary for metamorphic rocks to form?

• Constant weathering and erosion

• Extreme pressure and heating

• Rapid burial of sediments

• Slow cooling of magma

Determine the contour interval for the topographic map:

• 5 meters

• 10 meters

• 15 meters

• 20 meters

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

How does the energy produced by the sun travel to Earth?

• by the magnetic fields between the sun and Earth

• by the convection of heat through particles in space

• by the radiation of electromagnetic waves through space

• by the process of conduction of heat between the sun and Earth

What type of soil is found at 20% clay, 40% silt, and 40% sand? Refer to the soil texture triangle diagram to determine the soil type.

• Clay

• Loam

• Silty clay

• Silt loam

Which statement about the formation of a rock is best supported by the rock cycle?

• Magma must be weathered before it can change to metamorphic rock.

• Sediment must be compacted and cemented before it can change to sedimentary rock.

• Sedimentary rock must melt before it can change to metamorphic rock.

• Metamorphic rock must melt before it can change to sedimentary rock.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

The process of restoring an area of land to a more natural, productive state is called

• erosion

• nutrient depletion

• desertification

• land reclamation

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NGSS.MS-LS2-5

In many parts of the world, land that is too dry for farming is used for grazing livestock. Overgrazing of these lands destroys the native plants and breaks down the natural soil covering. How does overgrazing result in desertification?

• By increasing the rate at which topsoil is eroded

• By allowing nonnative species to colonize the land

• By reducing the food available to livestock

• By causing the land to absorb rainfall more quickly

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

How are surface mining and peat harvesting similar in the way that they affect the environment?

• Both increase air pollution, causing acid rain

• Both flood the area with water, decreasing soil erosion

• Both release carbon dioxide, decreasing global temperatures

• Both remove vegetation in the area, destroying habitats

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-5

The circles on the map below show the distances from three seismic stations, X, Y, and Z, to the epicenter of an earthquake. Which location is closest to the earthquake epicenter?

• A

• B

• C

• D