Nutrition and Metabolism - A&P II

Incomplete fatty acid oxidation produces __________, which might lead to __________

• pyruvate; acidosis

• ketone bodies; acidosis

• triglycerides; new triglycerides

• glycerol; alkalosis

• acetyl-CoA; acidosis

Both glycogenesis and gluconeogenesis are examples of catabolic reactions.

• true

• false

Which of the following represents the overall reaction for aerobic respiration?

• C6H12O6 + 6CO2 → 6 O2 + 6 H2O
  

• 6O2+ 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 CO2
  

• 6CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2
  

• C6H12O6 + 6H2O → 6 CO2 + 6 O2
  

• C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O
  

The absorptive state is regulated mainly by insulin, whereas the postabsorptive state is regulated by multiple hormones.

• true

• false

Glycolysis and aerobic respiration collectively produce up to __________ ATP per glucose, while glycolysis and anaerobic fermentation collectively produce __________

• 32; 2

• 32; none

• 36; about the same, varying from one tissue to another

• 32; 36

• 2; about the same, varying from one tissue to another

How is the basal metabolic rate (BMR) different from the total metabolic rate (TMR)?

• The TMR includes the BMR.

• The BMR includes the TMR.

• The BMR includes energy expenditures for muscular contractions.

• The BMR is calculated when one is asleep.

• The TMR does not include energy used for thermoregulation.

Fats should account for about __________percent of the daily caloric intake.

• 30

• 5

• 10

• 60

• 80

The first step in using amino acids as fuel is to __________ them.

• aminate

• deaminate

• synthesize

• digest

• transaminate

Where does HDL in the body come from?

• pancreas

• liver

• small intestine

• diet

• gallbladder

Minerals are generally __________ taken up from the soil by plants, whereas vitamins are generally __________ obtained from food.

• inessential nutrients; essential nutrients

• water-soluble elements; lipid-soluble compounds

• metals; organic compounds

• incomplete nutrients; complete nutrients

• micronutrients; macronutrients