Geology Unit Quiz

What type of rock is formed by the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

• Metamorphic

• Sedimentary

• Igneous

• Crystal

Which layer of the Earth is broken into several large tectonic plates?

• Crust

• Mantle

• Core

• Lithosphere

What is the process called when water, wind, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another?

• Compaction

• Erosion

• Deposition

• Percolation

Which scale is commonly used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake?

• Richter scale

• Beaufort scale

• Mohs scale

• Saffir-Simpson scale

What is the main vent through which magma is expelled in a volcano called?

• Crater

• Caldera

• Fumarole

• Vent

What type of fossil is formed when minerals replace all or part of an organism?

• Mold fossil

• Cast fossil

• Trace fossil

• Petrified fossil

Which layer of the atmosphere is closest to Earth?

• Stratosphere

• Troposphere

• Mesosphere

• Thermosphere

What type of rock is formed from the compaction and cementation of layers of sediment?

• Igneous

• Metamorphic

• Sedimentary

• Mineral

What is the name of the supercontinent that existed over 200 million years ago?

• Gondwana

• Laurasia

• Pangaea

• Rodinia

What type of weathering involves the chemical alteration of rock?

• Mechanical weathering

• Chemical weathering

• Biological weathering

• Abrasive weathering