Module 5 definitions AI generated quiz

What is an arcsecond equivalent to?

• 1/360 of a degree

• 1/3600 of a degree

• 1/36 of a degree

• 1/300 of a degree

What does the astronomical unit represent?

• The average distance from the Earth to the Moon

• The average distance from the Earth to the Sun

• The average distance from the Earth to Mars

• The average distance from the Earth to Jupiter

What is the blue shift in astronomical observations?

• The lengthening of wavelengths due to the source moving away

• The shortening of wavelengths due to the source moving towards the observer

• The change in color of stars due to temperature

• The dispersion of light in a prism

According to Boyle's law, what happens to the pressure of a gas if the volume is decreased while the temperature remains constant?

• The pressure remains the same

• The pressure decreases

• The pressure increases

• The pressure fluctuates

What is the Chandrasekhar limit?

• The maximum mass of a white dwarf before it becomes a neutron star

• The minimum mass of a star required to initiate nuclear fusion

• The mass of a star's core beneath which the electron degeneracy pressure is sufficient to prevent gravitational collapse

• The radius at which a star can no longer sustain nuclear fusion

What does Charles' law state about the relationship between volume and temperature of a gas?

• The volume is inversely proportional to the temperature

• The volume decreases as the temperature increases

• The volume is directly proportional to the temperature

• The volume and temperature are unrelated

What does the cosmological principle assume about the universe?

• The universe is chaotic and uneven

• The universe is isotropic and homogeneous

• The universe is constantly shrinking

• The universe has an edge and a center

What does the gravitational potential energy describe?

• The work to bring the mass from infinity to that point in a gravitational field

• The potential energy stored within a spring

• The energy required to move an object against gravitational force without acceleration

• The energy an object possesses due to its motion

What is the ground state of an atom?

• The energy level with the most negative value possible for an electron within an atom

• The highest energy state of an atom

• The state of an atom when it is ionized

• The average energy level of electrons in an atom

What phenomenon is described by heavy damping?

• Occurs due to large damping forces causing a rapid decrease in amplitude and slight increase in period of the oscillations

• A type of resonance that increases the amplitude of oscillations

• The effect of minimal damping in oscillatory systems

• The conservation of energy in undamped systems