Inheritance Basics

What are traits and genes?

• Genes are segments of DNA that determine specific traits, while traits are characteristics or attributes of an organism that are influenced by genes.

• Traits are physical characteristics, while genes are behavioral attributes

• Genes are found in plants, while traits are found in animals

• Traits are determined by the environment, while genes are inherited

Explain the difference between dominant and recessive traits.

• Dominant traits are expressed with one copy of the allele, while recessive traits require two copies to be expressed.

• Dominant traits are more common in females, while recessive traits are more common in males.

• Dominant traits are always physical characteristics, while recessive traits are only related to behavior.

• Dominant traits are only passed down from fathers, while recessive traits are only from mothers.

What are heredity patterns and why are they important?

• Heredity patterns are only relevant for non-living organisms.

• Heredity patterns are the result of environmental factors, not genetics.

• Heredity patterns have no impact on predicting traits in future generations.

• Heredity patterns are the way traits are passed down from parents to offspring. They are important for understanding genetic transmission and predicting traits in future generations.

How many copies of each gene does an individual inherit?

• Two

• Three

• Four

• One

Give an example of a dominant trait in humans.

• Blonde hair

• Attached earlobes

• Blue eyes

• Brown eyes

What is a Punnett square used for in genetics?

• It is used to predict the weather patterns affecting offspring.

• It is used to predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring.

• It is used to calculate the age of offspring.

• It is used to determine the gender of offspring.

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

• Genotype is the genetic makeup, while phenotype is the physical characteristics.

• Genotype is only relevant for plants, while phenotype is only relevant for animals.

• Genotype refers to physical characteristics, while phenotype refers to genetic makeup.

• Genotype and phenotype are the same thing.

Explain the role of alleles in determining traits.

• Alleles play a crucial role in determining traits by providing different versions of genes that can result in variations in physical characteristics or traits.

• Alleles do not interact with genes to influence traits

• Alleles are only present in non-living organisms

• Alleles have no impact on determining traits

What is the significance of Mendel's experiments with pea plants?

• Mendel's experiments with pea plants were significant because they established the basic laws of heredity.

• Mendel's experiments with pea plants were significant because they invented the internet

• Mendel's experiments with pea plants were significant because they discovered the first antibiotic

• Mendel's experiments with pea plants were significant because they proved the Earth is flat

How do environmental factors influence gene expression?

• Gene expression is solely determined by genetics

• Environmental factors only influence gene expression in non-mammalian organisms

• Environmental factors can influence gene expression by affecting transcription factors, DNA methylation, chromatin structure, and RNA stability.

• Environmental factors have no impact on gene expression