Quiz about ALL OF MIDDLE SCHOOL SCIENCE REVIEW

Question 1

How is a multi-cellular organism most different from a unicellular organism?

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Accepted Answer

Different kinds of cells perform special functions.

Answer

Each cell performs all special functions.

Answer

All cells perform the same special functions

Answer

Different parts of its cells perform all special functions.

Question 2

Part of the cell theory states that cells come from other cells. Which statement below explains that this part of cell theory applies to all organisms?

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Accepted Answer

The cells of all organisms divide to make more cells.

Answer

The cells of all organisms excrete waste.

Answer

The cells of all organisms have cytoplasm.

Answer

The cells of all organisms take in nutrients from their environment

Question 3

The survival of cells depends on maintaining homeostasis. What will happen to a cell if homeostasis is not maintained?

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Accepted Answer

Many chemical reactions in the cell will slow down or even stop.

Answer

The cell will immediately divide.

Answer

Cell processes will continue unchanged

Answer

The cell will eliminate wastes more efficiently.

Question 4

Look at the following diagram. Which of the following correctly names the type of cell shown and explains the evidence for that cell type?

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Accepted Answer

This is a plant cell, which is shown by the fact that it has a chloroplast.

Answer

This is a plant cell, which is shown by the fact that it has a ribosomes.

Answer

This is an animal cell, which is shown by the fact that it has mitochondria.

Answer

This is an animal cell, which is shown by the fact that it has a cell wall

Question 5

Which of the following choices includes two structures that are found in plant cells, but not in animal cells?

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Accepted Answer

cell wall, large central vacuole

Answer

cell wall, nucleus

Answer

chloroplasts, cell membrane

Answer

chloroplasts, mitochondria

Question 6

The diagram shows parts of the human body that work together to help you digest the food you eat. What can you conclude about this diagram?

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Accepted Answer

It is made of two or more types of organs that work together to perform a function

Answer

It is made of just one type of cell.

Answer

It is made of just one type of organ system

Answer

It is made of two or more types of tissue that work

Question 7

Which of the following correctly lists the levels of classification in order?

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Accepted Answer

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Answer

domain, kingdom, genus, species, phylum, class, order, family

Answer

genus, species, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family

Answer

genus, species, phylum, class, order, family, domain, kingdom

Question 8

What is a major physical characteristic that differs between members of Domain Bacteria and members of Domain Eukarya?

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Accepted Answer

Members of Domain Eukarya have cells with membrane-bound organelles, and members of Domains Bacteria lack nuclei.

Answer

Members of Domain Eukarya are less complex than the members of Domains Bacteria.

Answer

Members of Domain Bacteria are multicellular, and members of Domain Eukarya are usually single-celled organisms.

Answer

Members of Domain Bacteria have structures for making their own food, and members of Domain Eukarya lack these structures.

Question 9

Which of the following statements correctly identifies the general characteristics of organisms in a domain?

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Accepted Answer

Domain Archaea includes single-celled organisms that can be found in extreme environments, like hot springs and thermal vents.

Answer

Domain Eukarya includes single-celled organisms that lack nuclei.

Answer

Domain Bacteria includes multicellular organisms that make their own food.

Answer

Domain Protista includes single-celled and simple multicellular organisms that have plantlike or animal-like characteristics.

Question 10

The diagram below shows the changes over time in a population of mice in the wild. Which statement best describes why the mouse population changed over time?

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Accepted Answer

The light mice are preyed upon more than the dark mice because they are more visible to the hawks.

Answer

The light mice are more attractive to the other mice and therefore reproduce more successfully than dark mice.

Answer

The dark mice are selected less than the light mice because they are less tasty to the hawks

Answer

The dark mice are easily spotted by hawks, so dark mice reproduce more rapidly to maintain the population size.

Question 11

Scientists suspect that modern horses have different dietary habits than horses that lived long ago. Which of the following would be best for a scientist to do to determine whether the dietary habits of horses have changed over time?

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Accepted Answer

compare the teeth of modern horses to fossilized teeth from ancient horses

Answer

study the overall anatomy of a modern horse

Answer

compare the teeth of modern horses to the teeth of modern donkeys

Answer

study the diet of modern horses

Question 12

The diagram below shows illustrations of fossilized forefeet and molar teeth from horses that lived during different time periods. The diagram also shows how the body shape and size of horses has changed over time. This fossil evidence provides support for the idea that:

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Accepted Answer

modern organisms have evolved from earlier species.

Answer

modern organisms within a species are identical to their ancestors.

Answer

ancient species are now extinct and modern species have spontaneously generated.

Answer

changes can only occur in a species' feet and teeth.

Question 13

Which of the following species of organisms is most likely to become extinct?

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Accepted Answer

a species that is not adapted to its environment

Answer

a species that is well adapted to its environment

Answer

a species that has few offspring within a life cycle

Answer

a species that has many offspring within a life cycle

Question 14

All organisms need instructions to specify their traits. The instructions, or code, that is responsible for all the inherited traits of an organism

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Accepted Answer

is held in genetic material called DNA

Answer

is passed from the offspring to the parent.

Answer

is stored within the mitochondria of cells.

Answer

is formed after an organism is fully grown.

Question 15

In eukaryotic nuclei, DNA and proteins are packaged into organized cellular structures known as _______.

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Accepted Answer

Chromosomes

Answer

Gametes

Answer

Vacuoles

Answer

Diploids

Question 16

Look at the diagram shown below. The alleles for the parents are missing. The parents in the diagram above have which of these alleles?

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Accepted Answer

Dd and dd

Answer

DD and Dd

Answer

Dd and Dd

Answer

DD and dd

Question 17

Having attached or unattached earlobes is an inherited trait. The figure below shows an attached earlobe and the two alleles responsible for this trait. Which statement correctly describes the genotype and phenotype?

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Accepted Answer

The genotype is ee, and the phenotype is the attached earlobe.

Answer

The genotype is the attached earlobe, and the phenotype is e.

Answer

The genotype is e, and the phenotype is the attached earlobe.

Answer

The genotype is the attached earlobe, and the phenotype is ee.

Question 18

Which of following statements best shows a relationship of mutualism?

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Accepted Answer

Small birds called Egyptian plovers sometimes get their food by picking off parasites off the hides of crocodiles.

Answer

Remoras are small fish that attach to sharks but do not harm them. When sharks tear prey apart, remoras eat the leftovers.

Answer

A Brown-headed cowbird abandons its eggs in a Cardinal's nest already full with eggs

Answer

A polar bear uses camouflage to sneak up on the seal in the Arctic.

Question 19

What happens to a population when a resource that is a limiting factor in the environment suddenly becomes scarce?

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Accepted Answer

The population size will decrease to a size that can be supported by that limiting factor.

Answer

The population size will increase until that limiting factor becomes abundant again.

Answer

The population size will remain the same and make use of other, more abundant limiting factors.

Answer

The population size will fluctuate as individuals adapt to the reduced availability of the limiting factor

Question 20

Some consumers, such as many flying insects, need large amounts of energy to grow and move from one place to another. How do consumers get energy to function?

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Accepted Answer

Consumers obtain all of their energy by eating other organisms.

Answer

Consumers obtain some energy from other organisms and some from sunlight.

Answer

Consumers obtain most of their energy by eating dead plant and animal materials.

Answer

Consumers produce their own energy through chemical processes such as photosynthesis

Question 21

The diagram shows how energy is transferred between certain organisms in an ecosystem. Which of these statements explains why the sea grass is a producer?

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Accepted Answer

It uses energy from the sun to make food.

Answer

It creates energy needed by the ecosystem.

Answer

It is eaten by other organisms.

Answer

It releases nutrients into the soil.

Question 22

The diagram below shows an energy pyramid. In a marine ecosystem, algae carryout photosynthesis. Barracuda eat snapper fish. Reef sharks eat barracuda. Which organism would be at the top of the energy pyramid?

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Accepted Answer

reef shark

Answer

Algae

Answer

Barracuda

Answer

snapper fish

Question 23

The Florida panther is an endangered species. It eats mostly white-tailed deer, wild pigs, raccoons, and armadillos, but it may also eat other small mammals and birds. The Florida panther used to live in forests, prairies, and swamps over most of the southeastern United States. Now it lives only in the southern tip of Florida, south of the Caloosahatchee River. What is the main factor that has contributed to the decline of the Florida panther population?

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Accepted Answer

loss and breaking up of habitat

Answer

parasites and diseases

Answer

inbreeding from reproductive isolation

Answer

competition for territory between panthers

Question 24

The figure below shows the organisms and other parts of a marsh. Each of its different parts is affected by the other parts. Which statement below best describes how herons might be affected if a long drought reduced the amount of water in the marsh?

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Accepted Answer

Herons would have less food because they eat organisms that depend on the water

Answer

Herons would change their diets and eat different kinds of food.

Answer

Herons would not be affected, because they do not depend on the water.

Answer

Herons would migrate to another place and not suffer from the drought.

Question 25

The diagram shows a simple food chain.

Which statement supports the ecosystem represented by the food chain?

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Accepted Answer

It can support more deer than panthers.

Answer

It can support more panthers than deer.

Answer

It can support the same number of panthers as it can deer.

Answer

The amount of grass does not affect the ecosystem.

Question 26

There is a connection between photosynthesis and cellular respiration. The products from one provide the raw materials for the other. This image shows the relationship between the two processes. What products of photosynthesis are starting material for cellular respiration?

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Accepted Answer

glucose and oxygen

Answer

heat energy and ATP

Answer

carbon dioxide and water

Answer

light energy and chlorophyll

Question 27

Many aquatic food chains start with tiny organisms known as phytoplankton. Although these organisms are not plants, they are producers. What do phytoplankton have in common with plants?

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Accepted Answer

They use photosynthesis to convert solar energy to chemical energy.

Answer

They have leaves, which they use to produce food and oxygen.

Answer

They have flowers and form seeds, which are carried by ocean currents.

Answer

They have roots, which prevent them from moving from one place to another.

Question 28

Kristine goes to her neighborhood health club to exercise. The process of cellular respiration makes it possible for Kristine to run on the treadmill and to lift weights. What do her cells do during cellular respiration?

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Accepted Answer

break down food molecules to release energy need to move

Answer

convert kinetic energy into chemical energy

Answer

absorb light energy through the chlorophyll in their chloroplasts

Answer

combine water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and glucose

Question 29

This image shows the process of photosynthesis. How do plants obtain the water and carbon dioxide they use for this process?

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Accepted Answer

Water enters through the roots and carbon dioxide enters through the leaves.

Answer

Carbon dioxide is absorbed from oxygen and water is taken in by the stems.

Answer

Water enters as rain falls on the stems and carbon dioxide is absorbed from fertilizer.

Answer

Carbon dioxide is absorbed through the roots and the leaves absorb water from the air.

Question 30

Matter has two basic properties: physical properties and chemical properties. Which of these statements best describes physical properties?

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Accepted Answer

Physical properties can be observed without changing the identity of a substance.

Answer

Physical properties behave identically for all matter under the same conditions.

Answer

Physical properties are observed by seeing how a substance reacts with other substances.

Answer

Physical properties cause atoms and molecules to change structure when substances are mixed.

Question 31

Matter has two basic properties: physical properties and chemical properties. Which of these statements best describes physical properties?

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Accepted Answer

Physical properties can be observed without changing the identity of a substance.

Answer

Physical properties behave identically for all matter under the same conditions.

Answer

Physical properties are observed by seeing how a substance reacts with other substances.

Answer

Physical properties cause atoms and molecules to change structure when substances are mixed.

Question 32

A physical property can be observed or measured without changing the identity of a substance. Which of these choices describes a physical property?

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Accepted Answer

the shine or luster of a metal or other object

Answer

whether or not a metal will rust

Answer

the tendency of a substance to explode

Answer

the way the substance reacts with water

Question 33

A physical property can be observed or measured without changing the identity of a substance. Which of these choices is an example of a physical property?

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Accepted Answer

the rate at which a metal transfers heat.

Answer

the tarnishing of silverware

Answer

the effect of acid rain on automobiles

Answer

the combustion of gasoline in a car engine

Question 34

Kavish mixes a black liquid and a clear liquid. He knows the two liquids do not mix well. Kavish allows the mixture to settle for 30 minutes. Which of these statements is true?

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Accepted Answer

The clear liquid is less dense than the black liquid.

Answer

The clear liquid is less soluble than the black liquid.

Answer

The clear liquid is less reactive than the black liquid.

Answer

The clear liquid is less conductive than the black liquid.

Question 35

Sun-Yee is comparing the substances and hot water inside a ceramic cup, and the water vapor above the cup. What can she say about the motion of the particles in all of the substances?

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Accepted Answer

They are always moving.

Answer

They do not move.

Answer

They move past each other slowly.

Answer

They move very fast in all directions.

Question 36

How can the motion of the particles in a gas best be described?

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Accepted Answer

particles that are far apart and move rapidly in all directions

Answer

particles that are far apart and do not move

Answer

particles that are close together and vibrate in place

Answer

particles that are close together and slide past each other

Question 37

Nora notices water droplets on the grass in the morning. It did not rain during the night. How can the water particles in the air form water droplets on the grass during the night?

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Accepted Answer

Energy was taken away from the water particles, allowing them to move closer together.

Answer

Energy was added to the water particles, causing them to move farther apart.

Answer

Energy was added to the water particles, causing attraction that makes them move closer together.

Answer

Energy was taken away from the water particles, allowing them to move farther apart.

Question 38

Adnan measures the temperature of water as it changes states. He makes a graph of his data. He wants to add the properties of water that exist at each part of his graph. What labels can he add to the line between point 4 and point 5?

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Accepted Answer

changes volume, changes shape

Answer

definite volume, definite shape

Answer

definite volume, changes shape

Answer

changes volume, definite shape

Question 39

Jamal found a solid substance that is shiny, malleable, and a good conductor of thermal energy. Which of the following kinds of elements have properties similar to those of the substance Jamal found?

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Accepted Answer

Metals

Answer

Gases

Answer

Metalloids

Answer

nonmetals

Question 40

Webb is testing samples of different elements. One sample is a dull, yellow solid that breaks into powdery pieces when he hits it with a hammer. How should Webb classify the yellow solid?

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Accepted Answer

as a nonmetal

Answer

as a gas

Answer

as a metal

Answer

as a metalloid

Question 41

Which of the following describes how elements are arranged in the periodic table?

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Accepted Answer

by increasing atomic number

Answer

by decreasing atomic mass

Answer

by chemical name

Answer

by repeating atomic number

Question 42

Find chlorine and bromine in this section of the periodic table. What is true about these two elements?

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Accepted Answer

They are in the same group.

Answer

They are both metalloids.

Answer

They are in the same period.

Answer

They have the same average atomic mass.

Question 43

Which of the following information is false?

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Accepted Answer

The mass number for Silicon is 14

Answer

The atomic number for Silicon is 14

Answer

The mass number for Silicon is 28.086

Answer

The number of protons in an atom of Silicon is 14

Question 44

Each element is made up of different atoms. The table below compares two elements. What do the elements in the table have in common?

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Accepted Answer

Atoms in each element have 10 neutrons.

Answer

Atoms in each element have 10 nuclei.

Answer

Atoms in each element have 10 protons

Answer

Atoms in each element have 10 electrons.

Question 45

How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does the element Potassium have?

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Accepted Answer

19 protons, 20 neutrons, 19 electrons

Answer

19 protons, 19 neutrons, 19 electrons

Answer

19 protons, 39 neutrons, 19 electrons

Answer

39 protons, 19 neutrons, 39 electrons

Question 46

Look at the pairs of particles listed. Which pair has masses that are most similar?

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Accepted Answer

neutron and proton

Answer

electron and proton

Answer

nucleus and neutron

Answer

electron and nucleus

Question 47

Which of the following is incorrect?

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Accepted Answer

Electrons have an electrical charge

Answer

Protons have a positive charge

Answer

Neutrons have no charge

Answer

Electrons have a negative charge

Question 48

Some compounds are classified as acids or bases. The pH scale shows how acidic or how basic these compounds are. The lower the pH, the more acidic a compound is. The higher the pH, the more basic it is. Sodium hydroxide, a compound commonly found in drain cleaners, has a pH of 13. Which of these phrases describes sodium hydroxide?

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Accepted Answer

highly basic

Answer

highly acidic

Answer

slightly basic

Answer

slightly acidic

Question 49

A magnet was placed near a pile that contained both iron and sulfur. The magnet was moved gradually closer to the pile. As it neared the pile, the magnet started attracting small pieces of iron from the pile. Which of these statements best describes the contents of the pile?

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Accepted Answer

It is a heterogeneous mixture of iron and sulfur.

Answer

It is a homogeneous mixture of iron and sulfur.

Answer

It is a compound that contains both iron and sulfur.

Answer

It is a compound that can be separated by magnetism.

Question 50

What are pure substances?

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Accepted Answer

elements and compounds

Answer

elements and mixtures

Answer

compounds and mixtures

Answer

homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures

Question 51

Solution is another name for what type of matter?

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Accepted Answer

Homogeneous Mixture

Answer

Element

Answer

Compound

Answer

Heterogeneous Mixture

Question 52

Chemical changes result in new substances, but physical changes do not. Which process is an example of a physical change?

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Accepted Answer

A loaf of bread being sliced into pieces.

Answer

Sodium and water are combined and form sparks.

Answer

Bleaching lightening hair color

Answer

Sodium and chlorine are combined to form table salt.

Question 53

There are several differences between chemical and physical changes. Which statement is true of a chemical change, but not true of a physical change?

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Accepted Answer

A chemical change can produce warmth.

Answer

A chemical change can be easily changed back.

Answer

A chemical change can separate a mixture into its components.

Answer

A chemical change can combine substances without altering them.

Question 54

It is important to understand the differences between chemical and physical changes. Chemical changes result in new substances, but physical changes do not. Which process is an example of a physical change?

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Accepted Answer

Water turns to steam when boiled over a Bunsen burner.

Answer

Carbon combines with oxygen to form carbon dioxide gas.

Answer

Water breaks down into hydrogen and oxygen gases over time.

Answer

Limestone breaks down into lime and carbon dioxide when heated.

Question 55

What should a scientist do if they want to speed up the chemical reaction?

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Accepted Answer

Increase the temperature of the substance

Answer

Increase the density of the substance

Answer

Decrease the density of the substance

Answer

Decrease the temperature of the substances

Question 56

Rita wants to make some toast for breakfast. She puts a slice of bread in the toaster. After 10 minutes, Rita notices that the sides of the bread are black. What caused this chemical change to take place?

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Accepted Answer

added warmth

Answer

added mass

Answer

added volume

Answer

added particles

Question 57

Electromagnetic radiation is energy that travels in waves. Two types of electromagnetic waves are microwaves and gamma rays. Gamma rays have a shorter wavelength than microwaves. Which of these statements is true?

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Accepted Answer

Gamma rays have more energy than microwaves do.

Answer

Gamma rays travel faster than microwaves.

Answer

Gamma rays have a lower frequency than microwaves do.

Answer

Gamma rays, but not microwaves, can travel through a vacuum

Question 58

Which of these statements accurately describes the relationship between the wavelength and frequency of a wave?

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Accepted Answer

If frequency decreases, wavelength increases

Answer

If wavelength increases, frequency increases.

Answer

If frequency remains constant, wavelength increases.

Answer

If wavelength remains constant, frequency increases.

Question 59

Three waves, labeled I, II, and III, are shown below. Which wavelengths are in order, from shortest to longest?

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Accepted Answer

II, III, I

Answer

I, II, III

Answer

III, II, I

Answer

I, III, II

Question 60

When you listen to the radio, watch TV, or cook food in a microwave, you are using a device that makes use of man-made electromagnetic waves. Which statement about electromagnetic waves is false?

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Accepted Answer

Electromagnetic waves need a medium to travel through

Answer

Electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light in a vacuum

Answer

Different wavelengths of light are interpreted by our eyes as different colors

Answer

The transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves is called electromagnetic radiation

Question 61

Suppose a mechanical wave is traveling through medium A. When the wave enters medium B, it speeds up. Which of the following statements is true about medium A and medium B?

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Accepted Answer

Medium A is a liquid and medium B is a solid.

Answer

Medium A is a solid and medium B is a gas.

Answer

Medium A is a gas and medium B is a vacuum.

Answer

Medium A is a vacuum and medium B is a liquid

Question 62

There are two types of waves: mechanical and electromagnetic. Microwaves, infrared waves, and radio waves are examples of electromagnetic waves. Which statement is true about the speed of an electromagnetic wave?

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Accepted Answer

It slows down when it goes from a vacuum to a medium

Answer

It is not affected by changes in media.

Answer

It is slower in a vacuum than in a medium.

Answer

In a vacuum, its speed equals half the speed of light.

Question 63

Red light waves and yellow light waves travel through air and strike the surface of glass. Only the yellow light waves travel through the glass as shown in the figure below. Which of these phrases best describes the glass?

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Accepted Answer

transparent for yellow light

Answer

reflective for red light

Answer

opaque for yellow light

Answer

translucent for red light

Question 64

Calvin shines a thin beam of light onto a material, and the light refracts. Which diagram best shows what happens to the light?

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Accepted Answer

H

Answer

F

Answer

G

Answer

I

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