Unit 3 Biology Nucleic Acids and Proteins

What is the primary role of nucleic acids in cells?

• To provide energy to cells

• To encode instructions for protein synthesis

• To form the cell wall

• To catalyze biochemical reactions

Which of the following is NOT a form of RNA mentioned in the text?

• mRNA

• rRNA

• sRNA

• tRNA

What is a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not

• Prokaryotic cells are typically larger than eukaryotic cells

• Eukaryotic cells lack ribosomes

• Prokaryotic cells have multiple chromosomes

Which cellular structure is involved in the export of proteins from a cell?

• Mitochondria

• Golgi apparatus

• Chloroplast

• Nucleolus

What is the primary function of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?

• Protein synthesis

• Digestion and recycling

• Houses chromosomes and manages activities like DNA transcription and replication

• Conversion of organic compounds

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of proteins?

• Golgi apparatus

• Ribosomes

• Lysosomes

• Mitochondria

What is the main function of the mitochondria?

• Production of cell wall components

• ATP synthesis through cellular respiration

• Storage of waste products

• Synthesis of ribosomal subunits

What is the primary function of the plasma membrane in a cell?

• To provide support and a fixed shape to the cell

• To selectively control the entry and exit of substances into the cell

• To make the cell impermeable to gases and dissolved solutes

• To control the temperature within the cell

What are the two major components of the plasma membrane?

• Nucleic acids and proteins

• Carbohydrates and lipids

• Phospholipids and proteins

• Glycoproteins and glycolipids

How are phospholipids arranged in the plasma membrane?

• In a single layer with heads facing outward

• In a bilayer with tails facing outward

• In a bilayer with heads facing each other

• In a bilayer with phosphate heads facing outward and tails inward