NGSS Grade 9 Science Quiz

A scientist is using gel electrophoresis to compare DNA samples from several organisms. The goal is to identify which organisms are most closely related based on the patterns of bands formed on the gel. What type of reasoning should the scientist use to determine the relationships between the organisms?

• Compare the size and charge of DNA fragments

• Measure the distance each band has moved from the well

• Analyze the intensity of the bands on the gel

• Both A and B are correct

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

In the context of cloning, a biologist is attempting to create a genetically identical copy of a gene from an endangered species. The biologist decides to use a plasmid as a vector. What strategic planning must the biologist undertake to ensure successful cloning?

• Choose a plasmid with a compatible restriction site

• Ensure the plasmid has an antibiotic resistance gene

• Verify the insertion of the gene into the plasmid via gel electrophoresis

• All of the above

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

During a gene therapy trial, researchers are using a viral vector to deliver a corrective gene to a patient's cells. What critical factors must the researchers consider to ensure the therapy is both safe and effective?

• The type of virus used as the vector

• The method of delivery to the patient's cells

• The potential immune response of the patient

• All of the above

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

A team is working on a genome project aiming to map all the genes in a newly discovered plant species. They plan to use DNA recombinant technology to manipulate specific genes. What reasoning and planning should the team employ to prioritize which genes to map and manipulate first?

• Genes that are common in related species

• Genes that show potential for pharmaceutical use

• Genes that are unique to the species

• All of the above

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

In a biotechnology lab, scientists are using plasmids to create genetically modified bacteria that can produce insulin. What strategic steps must be taken to ensure that the insulin gene is properly inserted into the bacterial DNA?

• Selection of a plasmid with a high copy number

• Use of restriction enzymes that do not cut the insulin gene

• Confirmation of gene insertion with PCR and gel electrophoresis

• All of the above

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

A researcher is designing a selective breeding program to enhance disease resistance in crops. What strategic considerations should the researcher make to ensure the long-term success of the breeding program?

• Genetic diversity of the crop

• Historical data on disease outbreaks

• Potential environmental impacts

• All of the above

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

A team is using cloning techniques to replicate a specific trait in livestock. What complex reasoning must the team apply to decide which cloning method to use?

• The trait's mode of inheritance

• The genetic stability of the cloned organisms

• The ethical considerations involved

• All of the above

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

In a project involving DNA recombinant technology, scientists are planning to introduce a foreign gene into a plant to enhance its nutritional value. What evidence-based reasoning should guide their choice of the gene and the method of insertion?

• Previous research on gene effects in similar plants

• Compatibility of the gene with the plant's genome

• Methods that minimize damage to the plant's DNA

• All of the above

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

A biotechnologist is developing a new gene therapy to treat a genetic disorder. What strategic planning should be involved in designing the therapy to ensure it targets the correct cells and does not affect other genetic functions?

• Selection of a specific and efficient vector

• Targeting mechanisms to deliver the gene to specific cells

• Safety tests to prevent unintended genetic interactions

• All of the above

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

A scientist is using gel electrophoresis to analyze the results of a DNA recombinant experiment. What strategic thinking should the scientist apply to interpret the gel patterns and confirm successful recombination?

• Comparison of band patterns with expected sizes

• Use of a control DNA sample for comparison

• Quantitative analysis of band intensity

• All of the above

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking