Memory and Learning Quiz

What is the process of converting sensory input into a format that can be stored in memory called?

• Retrieval

• Encoding

• Storage

• Sensory memory

Which model proposes the existence of three separate memory stores: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory?

• Atkinson-Shiffrin Model

• Dual-coding hypothesis

• Method of loci

• Elaborative Rehearsal

According to George Miller, short-term memory can hold how many items at once?

• Plus or minus 5

• Plus or minus 7

• Plus or minus 9

• Plus or minus 10

What type of interference occurs when new information pushes old information out of short-term memory?

• Proactive Interference

• Retroactive Interference

• Sensory Interference

• Encoding Interference

Which hypothesis suggests that it is easier to remember words with associated images than words or images alone?

• Dual-coding hypothesis

• Atkinson-Shiffrin Model

• Method of loci

• Maintenance rehearsal

What is the Primacy-Recency Effect in memory recall?

• It is the phenomenon where the last items remembered are recalled more clearly.

• It is when we remember the first and last items the most, known as the Serial Position Effect.

• It refers to the ability to remember items in the middle of a list better than those at the beginning or end.

• It is the effect where items are remembered based on their emotional impact.

Which type of memory is described as comprising facts, figures, and general knowledge?

• Procedural Memory

• Semantic Memory

• Episodic Memory

• Flashbulb Memory

What does state-dependent memory imply?

• Memory retrieval is independent of the state of mind during encoding.

• Memory is best retrieved in the state of mind that matches the state during encoding.

• Memory retrieval is only possible in a sober state.

• Memory is generally unaffected by the state of mind.

According to the text, what is the role of 'spreading activation' in memory retrieval?

• It refers to the rapid forgetting of information soon after it is learned.

• It is the process where activation of one thought leads to activation of related thoughts.

• It describes a method of memorizing through repeated exposure.

• It is a technique for reconstructing past events by piecing together memories.

Which theory suggests that language acquisition is guided by universal grammar principles?

• Behaviorist Theory by Skinner

• Transformational Grammar by Chomsky

• Language Development Process

• Pragmatics Study