EXAM 5 Special Senses Part 3 A&P

What are the accessory structures of the Eyes?

• Eyelid

• Eyelashes

• Eyebrows

Match description
Eyelid -
Eyelashes & Eyebrows -

Lacrimal Gland -

Lacrimal Sac -

• Eyelid - protection from light and assists of lubricating secretions
  Eyelashes & Eyebrows - protects eye from objects

• Eyelid - protects eye from objects
  Eyelashes & Eyebrows - protection from light and assists of lubricating secretions

• Lacrimal Gland - produces tears

  Lacrimal Sac - drains tears

• Lacrimal Gland - drains tears

  Lacrimal Sac - produces

Definition of
Ciliary Body -

Retina -

Optic Disc -
Macula Lutea -

• Ciliary Body - has ciliary muscle and processes suspensory ligament that attaches to the lens

  Retina - light sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the eye. Crucial role in vision as it captures visual images

• Ciliary Body -

  Retina - has ciliary muscle and processes suspensory ligament that attaches to the lens

• Optic Disc - region of retina where optic nerve is. Serves has entry point for optic nerve fibers that carry visual information from the retina to the brain
  Macula Lutea - small, specialized area located near the center of retina. Responsible for control vision, allows finals details to be seen

• Optic Disc - small, specialized area located near the center of retina. Responsible for control vision, allows finals details to be seen
  Macula Lutea - region of retina where optic nerve is. Serves has entry point for optic nerve fibers that carry visual information from the retina to the brain

What is refraction:

How does the brain first interpreted an image:

• What is refraction:  light rays bend , passing from one medium to another (like air to  water) 

• What is refraction: light rays straighten when passing from one medium to another (like air to  water)

• How does the brain first interpreted an image: upside-down

• How does the brain first interpreted an image: inverted

• How does the brain first interpreted an image: reversed

List what needs to happen for Sympathetic activation

• something is seen more than 20 ft away

• Tension on the suspensory ligaments so that the lens flatten

• Ciliary Body Relaxes so that suspensory ligaments tense

• suspensory ligaments loosen so that the lens bends

• Ciliary Body tense so that suspensory ligaments loosen

List what needs to happen for Parasympathetic activation

• Seen less than 20 ft away

• Tension on the suspensory ligaments so that the lens flatten

• Ciliary Body Relaxes so that suspensory ligaments tense

• suspensory ligaments loosen so that the lens bends

• Ciliary Body tense so that suspensory ligaments loosen

Which is parasympathetic activation and sympathetic activation

• A- parasympathetic activation

• B- parasympathetic activation

• A- sympathetic activation

• B- sympathetic activation

Between Photoreceptor and Bipolar cells synapse.
What is a inhibitory synapse inhibits bipolar cells and inhibits it by making it hyperpolarized.

What happens when Glutamic Acid is released from photoreceptor:

What happens when Glutamic Acid isn't released:

• What happens when Glutamic Acid is released from photoreceptor: Bipolar cells will depolarized and an action will take place nerve impulse propagate visual information so the brain interprets it

• What happens when Glutamic Acid is released from photoreceptor: hyperpolarizes bipolar cells and action potential does propagate

• What happens when Glutamic Acid isn't released from photoreceptor: Bipolar cells will depolarized and an action will take place nerve impulse propagate visual information so the brain interprets it

• What happens when Glutamic Acid isn't released from photoreceptor: hyperpolarizes bipolar cells and action potential does propagate

The white is highly folded membrane
Photopigments have two components, what are they and what are their subcomponents.

• Opsin - Rhodopsin (If a rod), Iodopsin (cone)

• Retinal - Rhodopsin (If a rod), Iodopsin (cone)

• Opsin - none

• Retinal - none

What happens if there is not enough light (top) or enough light (bottom).

• Enough light - the light would reach threshold and the sodium channels close. The transretinal changes shape and now transretinal than triggers profiteers.

• Enough light - transducim & phosphodiesterase will do noting a sodium channels stays open. The sodium channels depolarized neuron to 30mv then glutamic acid (neurotransmitter).

• Not enough light - transducim & phosphodiesterase will do noting a sodium channels stays open. The sodium channels depolarized neuron to 30mv then glutamic acid (neurotransmitter).

• Not enough light - the light would reach threshold and the sodium channels close. The transretinal changes shape and now transretinal than triggers profiteers.