L 4.2 Energy Flow in Ecosystems

What is a food chain?

• A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

• A chain used to tie up food in the wild

• A chain made of food for animals to play with

• A group of animals living together in an ecosystem

What are phytoplankton?

• Microscopic marine algae

• Small insects found in forests

• Birds that eat fish

• Large mammals living in the ocean

What is a food web?

• A network of feeding interactions in an ecosystem

• A spider's web made of food

• A web made of food for animals to play with

• A web used to catch food in the wild

What do decomposers do in an ecosystem?

• Create energy for the ecosystem

• Eat primary producers

• Convert dead material to detritus

• Hunt other animals for food

What is a trophic level?

• A level of energy in the atmosphere

• A level in a video game

• Each step in a food chain or food web

• A level of water in an ecosystem

What do ecological pyramids show?

• The shape of the food chain

• The relative amount of energy or matter in each trophic level

• The number of plants in an ecosystem

• The height of animals in an ecosystem

How much energy is transferred to the next trophic level on average?

• 50 percent

• 100 percent

• 5 percent

• 10 percent

What does a pyramid of biomass illustrate?

• The number of plants in an ecosystem

• The shape of the food chain

• The height of animals in an ecosystem

• The relative amount of living organic matter at each trophic level

What is the lowest level of a pyramid of biomass occupied by?

• Producers

• Decomposers

• Primary predators

• Consumers

What does a pyramid of numbers show?

• The number of plants in an ecosystem

• The shape of the food chain

• The height of animals in an ecosystem

• The relative number of individual organisms at each trophic level in an ecosystem