Quarter 4- PMA 8 Grade 6: Distances and Relationships in Space &

A student thinks that there are two variables (X and Y) that may affect the result of her experiment. She decides to change only variable X and let variable Y stay the same. What can the student find out about the effects of variables X and Y?

• If variable X affects the result of her experiment.

• If variable Y affects the result of her experiment.

• If both variables X and Y affect the result of her experiment.

• She cannot find out if either variable X or variable Y affects the result of her experiment.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-3

Edgar reads about the big bang theory of the formation of the universe. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the big bang theory?

• It explains how the universe formed.

• It is a claim posed by one individual.

• It could change as new evidence or information is discovered.

• It is supported by scientific evidence and is agreed upon in the scientific community.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

Manuel learned how scientists use models to understand the natural world. He learned that even though some models are very simple, they still can be helpful. To demonstrate this point, Manuel built a model showing Earth and the Sun and showed it to the class. The diagram below shows what Manuel constructed. What is a benefit of Manuel’s model in helping others in the class understand the universe?

• The model describes how Earth receives solar energy.

• The model indicates the relative size of Earth and the Sun.

• The model indicates the distance between Earth and the Sun

• The model describes the orbit that Earth follows around the Sun.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

A chemist took part in a mission to the moon and discovered a new element present on the surface and classifies it. What method is he most likely to use to in his pursuit of scientific explanation that this is a new element?

• He uses experimentation.

• He collects samples from the surface.

• He compares its properties to other elements he knows.

• He measures it and draws a model for its chemical composition.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

Daniela is stargazing with her grandmother. Daniela's grandmother points out a star called Rigel Kentaurus, which she says is one of the closest stars to our solar system. Daniela's grandmother tells her that Riel Kentaurus is about 4.2 light-years away. Which of the following is the correct way for Daniela to understand this information?

• A beam of light traveling to Earth from Rigel Kentaurus would take a little more than 4 years to arrive.

• The diameter of the star Rigel Kentaurus is just about four times bigger than the diameter of our Sun.

• It takes a little more than 4 years for the star Rigel Kentaurus to make one orbit around the center of the galaxy

• The light coming from the star Rigel Kentaurus is approximately four times brighter than the light coming from our Sun.

Makayla is describing how far away the nearest galaxy is from the Milky Way. Because she is describing distances between extremely large objects, like galaxies, Makayla must use which of the following units of distance?

• Astronomical Unit

• Kilometer

• Light-year

• Parsec

Which of the following is the most accurate description of hierarchy in outer space?

• The universe contains billions of galaxies, and each galaxy contains billions of stars.

• The galaxy contains thousands of universes, and each universe contains millions of stars.

• The universe contains hundreds of galaxies, and each galaxy contains thousands of stars.

• The galaxy contains hundreds of universes, and each universe contains thousands of stars.

Which of the following best describes a galaxy?

• A collection of specific matter that exists.

• A particle of debris in the solar system that does not act orbit any planet.

• A visible body of liquid or frozen droplets suspended above a planetary surface.

• A massive system of stars, gas, dust, and dark matter bound together by gravity.

Which of the following accurately presents the hierarchy, from largest to smallest components?

• Galaxy → universe → solar systems → planets

• Universe → galaxies → solar systems → planets

• Galaxy → solar systems → universes → planets

• Solar systems → universe → galaxies → planets

Ricardo is researching celestial bodies in space. He describes a set of objects as relatively small and that have a gaseous, or solid, rocky surface. What is Ricardo researching?

• Planets

• Stars

• Galaxies

• Solar Systems

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3