Biology Spiral Review Week 4

The defenses of two flightless birds that live in different habitats are shown.

How do the wings of the Gentoo penguin and the legs of the common ostrich provide an advantage in their habitat?

• allows them to find prey

• allows them to escape from predators

• allows them to control their body temperature

• allows them to be camouflaged in their environments

Which graphic organizer best compares the energy inputs and outputs of cellular respiration and photosynthesis?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Which property is shared by the cells of all living things?

• The cells contain DNA composed of adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.

• The cells are surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer and a cell wall made of cellulose.

• The cells have chromosomes that are located inside a membrane-bound nucleus.

• The cells rely on mitochondria to carry out aerobic cellular respiration.

What is the function of the chloroplast in photosynthesis?

(a)  

Which statements best compare the function of an ATP molecule to a DNA molecules?

• ATP carries and transmits the genetic information of organisms. DNA serves as a biological catalyst that speeds up the rate of chemical reactions.

• ATP provides energy for chemical reactions in the cell. DNA carries and transmits the genetic information of organisms.

• ATP serves as a biological catalyst that speeds up the rate of chemical reactions. DNA acts as a structural sugar in the cell walls of plants.

• ATP acts as a structural sugar in the cell walls of plants. DNA provides energy for chemical reactions in the cell.

A cladogram of five species is shown. Based on the cladogram, the ancestral species most likely had ____

• a vertebral column

• a vertebral column and hair

• sharp teeth and retractable claws

• the ability to purr

Materials are provided to students to build models of a prokaryotic cell, a eukaryotic cell, and a virus. The materials and the structures they represent are listed in the table shown.

Which material will students use in all three models?

• Yellow paper oval

• Gray paper hexagon

• Blue yarn

• Purple buttons

Which statement describes the process of osmosis in an animal cell?

• Sugar molecules move across the plasma membrane until the cell has enough energy to grow in size and divide.

• Water molecules move across the plasma membrane until solute concentrations are equal on both sides of the membrane.

• Ions move across the plasma membrane until the inside of the cell has a higher concentration of positive charges.

• Enzymes move across the plasma membrane until the cell has completed metabolism.

Which statement is an example of how carbon moves through a food chain as part of the carbon cycle?

• Producers release carbon dioxide, and consumers take it in.

• Producers take in carbon dioxide, and consumers release it.

• Producers take in carbon from the soil, and they release it when they decompose.

• Producers release carbon into the soil, and consumers take it in from the soil.

A partial DNA segment and an mRNA codon chart are shown. What amino acid sequence is encoded in the partial DNA segment?

• Serine - Threonine - Tyrosine

• Serine - Serine - Tyrosine

• Serine - Threonine - Methionine

• Serine - Alanine - Methionine