Blood transfusions

What does blood primarily consist of?

• RBC, WBC, and nerve cells

• RBC, platelets, clotting factors, and plasma proteins

• RBC, platelets, and bone marrow

• RBC, digestive enzymes, and plasma

What are crystalloids commonly used for in medical treatments?

• Replacing blood cells

• Expanding blood volume and replacing electrolytes

• Increasing body temperature

• Decreasing osmotic pressure

Which condition is NOT a typical reason for using colloids according to the text?

• Anaemia

• Hypoproteinaemia

• Clotting disorders

• Cardiac arrest

What is the most common anticoagulant/preservation solution used in commercial blood bags?

• Citrate-phosphate-dextrose (CPD)

• Heparin

• Sodium citrate

• EDTA

Under what condition might a patient with immune mediated haemolytic anemia not require a transfusion immediately?

• When the PCV is below 10%

• When the PCV is between 12-18%

• When the PCV is above 30%

• When the PCV is exactly 20%

What is the typical ratio of anticoagulant to blood used in CPD & CPDA-21?

• 1ml anticoagulant - 5ml blood

• 1ml anticoagulant - 7ml blood

• 1ml anticoagulant - 10ml blood

• 1ml anticoagulant - 12ml blood

What is the primary difference between fresh whole blood and stored whole blood?

• Stored whole blood is used only for children.

• Fresh whole blood contains no platelets.

• Stored whole blood is stored at 1-6 degrees.

• Fresh whole blood has a higher risk of contamination.

What is the shelf life of Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) before it needs to be relabelled as frozen plasma?

• 6 months

• 1 year

• 2 years

• 4 years

Which component is NOT found in frozen plasma?

• Albumin

• Immunoglobulins

• Coagulation factors

• Non liable clotting factors

For what reason might packed RBCs be used?

• To increase white blood cell count

• For patients with reduced O2 carrying capacity

• To treat high blood pressure

• To replace lost fluids