The Effects of Earthquakes & Volcanic Eruptions

What is the theory that explains how the Earth's lithosphere is divided into plates that move around on the mantle?

• Plate Tectonics

• Crustal Movement

• Continental Drift

• Mantle Drift

Answer explanation

Plate Tectonics is the theory that explains how the Earth's lithosphere is divided into plates that move around on the mantle.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

How do volcanic eruptions occur?

• Volcanoes are just big mountains that explode randomly.

• Volcanoes erupt due to excessive rainwater seeping into the ground.

• Magma rises to the surface due to pressure from gases dissolved in it.

• Volcanic eruptions are caused by aliens living inside the Earth.

Answer explanation

Volcanic eruptions occur when magma rises to the surface due to pressure from gases dissolved in it.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

What are the four layers of the Earth from the outermost to the innermost layer?

• crust, core, mantle, inner core

• outer core, crust, mantle, inner core

• mantle, outer core, inner core, crust

• crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

Answer explanation

The correct order of the Earth's layers from outermost to innermost is crust, mantle, outer core, inner core.

Explain how earthquakes occur.

• Earthquakes happen when the moon's gravitational pull is strong.

• Earthquakes occur due to volcanic eruptions.

• Earthquakes occur due to the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust.

• Earthquakes are caused by excessive rainfall.

Answer explanation

Earthquakes occur due to the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

What are some changes that occur on the Earth's surface as a result of earthquakes?

• Volcanic eruptions, Tornadoes, Hailstorms

• Ground shaking, surface rupture, landslides, ground displacement, tsunamis

Answer explanation

Earthquake can cause ground shaking, surface rupture, landslides, ground displacement, and tsunamis on the Earth's surface.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

What are some changes that occur on the Earth's surface as a result of volcanic eruptions?

• Formation of glaciers, icebergs, and permafrost

• Expansion of deserts, aridification of landscapes

• Formation of new land, volcanic craters and calderas, ash and volcanic rock deposition, alteration of landscapes

• Increase in oxygen levels, decrease in carbon dioxide levels

Answer explanation

Volcanic eruptions can lead to the formation of new land, volcanic craters and calderas, ash and volcanic rock deposition, and alteration of landscapes.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

What should you do before an earthquake or volcanic eruption to be prepared?

• Leave windows and doors open during the event

• Be prepared by creating an emergency plan, assembling an emergency kit, securing heavy objects, and educating yourself on safety procedures.

• Stock up on perishable goods

• Ignore all warnings and continue with daily activities

Answer explanation

The correct choice is to be prepared by creating an emergency plan, assembling an emergency kit, securing heavy objects, and educating yourself on safety procedures.

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NGSS.MS-ETS1-2

What are some safety measures to take during an earthquake or volcanic eruption?

• Drop, cover, and hold on during an earthquake. Follow evacuation orders, stay indoors during a volcanic eruption, wear masks, and listen to local authorities.

• Jump up and down during an earthquake

• Ignore evacuation orders and stay indoors during an earthquake

• Run outside immediately during a volcanic eruption

Answer explanation

Drop, cover, and hold on during an earthquake. Follow evacuation orders, stay indoors during a volcanic eruption, wear masks, and listen to local authorities.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

What actions should be taken after an earthquake or volcanic eruption?

• Prioritize safety, check for injuries, secure utilities, follow evacuation orders, stay away from damaged areas.

• Ignore all warnings and continue as usual

• Approach damaged buildings without caution

• Start a fire for warmth indoors

Answer explanation

After an earthquake or volcanic eruption, the correct actions to take include prioritizing safety, checking for injuries, securing utilities, following evacuation orders, and staying away from damaged areas.

How can earthquake preparedness help reduce the impact of seismic events?

• By ignoring safety protocols and regulations

• By encouraging panic and chaos

• By spreading misinformation about earthquake risks

• By creating emergency plans, securing heavy items, reinforcing buildings, and educating the public on safety measures.

Answer explanation

Earthquake preparedness can help reduce the impact of seismic events by creating emergency plans, securing heavy items, reinforcing buildings, and educating the public on safety measures.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2