3 Perceptions and Attributions

What is perception?

• A process of organizing and interpreting sensory impressions

• A process of creating illusions

• A process of memorizing sensory data

• A process of ignoring sensory information

Which of the following is NOT a component of perception?

• Perceiver

• Target

• Situational context

• Decision-making

What is the Perceptual Defence phenomenon?

• A tendency to ignore all perceptions

• A tendency to perceive what we wish to perceive

• A tendency to defend the perceiver against unpleasant emotions

• A tendency to see things clearly

What is attribution theory focused on?

• Ignoring behaviors

• Creating illusions about behaviors

• Memorizing behaviors

• Understanding the causes of behaviors

What is the Fundamental Attribution Error?

• Ignoring all factors

• Balancing internal and external factors

• Overestimating external factors and underestimating internal factors

• Underestimating external factors and overestimating internal factors

What is the Self-serving Bias?

• Ignoring successes and failures

• Attributing successes to external factors and failures to internal factors

• Balancing internal and external factors

• Attributing successes to internal factors and failures to external factors

What is Selective Perception?

• Perceiving what stands out and ignoring the rest

• Perceiving everything equally

• Ignoring all perceptions

• Memorizing perceptions

What is the Halo Effect?

• Drawing a general impression based on a single characteristic

• Drawing a general impression based on multiple characteristics

• Balancing impressions

• Ignoring all impressions

What is the Contrast Effects phenomenon?

• Evaluating a person in isolation

• Balancing evaluations

• Evaluating a person based on other recently encountered persons

• Ignoring all evaluations

What is Stereotyping?

• Ignoring all judgments

• Judging someone based on individual characteristics

• Judging someone based on perceived group characteristics

• Balancing judgments