GMAS Constructive/Destructive Process & Physical/Chemical Change

Which of the following scenarios is an example of deposition?

• A) Water wearing down rocks in a stream

• B) Sand being added to a beach by ocean waves

• C) A glacier carving a valley through a mountain range

• D) Wind blowing soil away from bare land

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

While observing a mountain landscape during a field trip, Avery asked, 'What is the primary difference between weathering and erosion?'

• A) Weathering involves the movement of rock materials, while erosion does not.

• B) Erosion involves the movement of rock materials, while weathering does not.

• C) Both involve the chemical breakdown of rocks.

• D) Both are primarily caused by human activities.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

While studying the Mississippi River, Zoe noticed that the river contributes to both constructive and destructive processes. How does it do this?

• A) It deposits sediment in one area while eroding soil in another area.

• B) It only deposits sediment and does not erode.

• C) It only erodes land and does not deposit sediment.

• D) It neither erodes nor deposits sediment.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

During a geography class, Daniel discussed a real-world event where the Surtsey volcano erupted off the coast of Iceland in 1963, leading to the formation of a new island. Which of the following processes is this an example of?

• A) A constructive process

• B) A destructive process

• C) An erosive process

• D) A weathering process

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Abigail, Aiden, and Ava are collaborating on a school project to design a model that demonstrates how the Himalayas were formed through tectonic activity. What would be the most important elements to include in their model to demonstrate this process?

• A) Deposition of sediment layers

• B) Erosion by wind and water

• C) Movement of tectonic plates and resulting uplift

• D) Formation of valleys and rivers

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

How do human activities predominantly affect the process of erosion in areas where Oliver and Mia are observing construction and deforestation?

• A) They decrease erosion by covering the soil with infrastructure

• B) They increase erosion through construction and deforestation

• C) They have no significant impact on erosion

• D) They only affect the chemical properties of eroded materials

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

During a field trip to a national park, Jackson, accompanied by Liam and Anika, observed the valleys and ridges and asked, 'What role do glaciers play in shaping the landscape?'

• A) They primarily deposit sediment, altering the landscape minimally.

• B) They erode the landscape and deposit sediments, creating features like moraines.

• C) They only cause chemical weathering of rocks.

• D) They have no significant impact on the landscape.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

While studying coastal geography, Evelyn noticed significant changes along the shoreline near her town, particularly after a recent storm. What is the primary effect of this coastal erosion?

• A) Formation of new landforms like beaches.

• B) Decrease in marine biodiversity.

• C) Creation of coastal cliffs and sea stacks.

• D) Increase in inland river flow.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

During a science experiment, Noah and Scarlett observed a reaction where a substance started to emit light. What is a key indicator of a chemical change occurring in this scenario?

• A) Change in temperature or light emission

• B) Change in shape or size of a substance

• C) Reversibility of the process

• D) All of the above

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

During a practical science class, Luna is asked to demonstrate a physical change. Which of the following actions represents a physical change?

• A) Rusting of iron

• B) Burning of wood

• C) Dissolving sugar in water

• D) Cooking an egg