Rise of Rome

Considering the historical context of the Roman Twelve Tables, which principle best reflects their purpose in Roman society?

• establishing a written legal code

• promoting democratic ideals

• encouraging military expansion

• reducing the power of patricians

Which aspect of the Roman Republic was mirrored in the American system of government?

• The establishment of a direct democracy where citizens vote on all laws.

• The establishment of a representative (Republic) government where people can affect the decisions made.

• The division of the government into different branches with distinct powers.

• The implementation of a legal system based entirely on civil law.

How did the Phoenician alphabet influence the development of the modern English alphabet?

• The Phoenician alphabet was directly adopted into English without modifications.

• Phoenician script was adapted by the Greeks, which later spread and influenced the Romans due to them trading and interacting with each other.

• The English alphabet was influenced primarily by Asian writing systems.

• Phoenician writing had no impact on the English alphabet as they developed independently.

What can you infer about the impact of the Phoenicians on the Mediterranean World?

• Phoenicia was the strongest and wealthiest civilization during this era.

• Phoenicia started trading and created a new language.

• Phoenicia ruled multiple civilizations, which opened new trade routes.

• Phoenicia’s advanced with trade allowed goods and ideas to spread throughout the region.

Which event marked the beginning of Roman dominance over the Mediterranean sea?

• A. The construction of the Roman Colosseum.

• B. The signing of the Treaty of Rome.

• C. The defeat of Carthage in the Punic Wars controlling the Mediterranean.

• D. The establishment of the Roman Republic.

What term best describes the active participation of Roman citizens in their government, particularly in voting and public debate?

• A. Civic engagement (duty)

• B. Judicial independence

• C. Federalism

• D. Executive power

Why did the Founders of the United States model much of the government on the Roman system?

• The Romans had created a bicameral legislature and voting rights for non-citizens.

• The Romans had created an executive branch to give the people more voice in government operations.

• They believed that separating the powers of the branches would help avoid struggles and conflicts between them.

• They believed that splitting the duties of lawmaking between two branches would make it easier for laws to be written.

What statement finishes the chart when talking about the decline of the Roman Republic?

• More power is given to the poor

• Conflicts between surrounding territories

• Professional military was not loyal to the republic

• Property owners could serve in the military

How did Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus attempt to improve the state of the Roman Republic?

• They implemented the idea of bread and circuses to appease the poor.

• They created a professional military by paying landless soldiers for their service.

• They reduced the power of the tribunes and gave the senators more responsibilities.

• They urged the wealthy to stop taking over small farms and to give some of their land to the poor.

Which best explains the major cause of the Punic Wars?

• Christians and Muslims battled over Jerusalem.

• It was an attempt for Persia and Rome to build Empires.

• Greece and Athens each wanted control over the Persian Empire.

• Rome and Carthage fought for the control of trade routes in North Africa.