Morality and Ethics

What is cultural ideology?

• A set of ethical norms that guide an individual's behavior.

• A set of recognized rules of conduct regarding a particular class of human actions.

• The customs, beliefs, social institutions, and achievements of a nation, people, or social group in particular.

• A set of beliefs, values, and ideas that influence the behavior and attitudes of a society.

What is meant by moral and ethics?

• Principles of correct and incorrect behavior, and recognized rules of conduct regarding a particular class of human actions.

• A set of beliefs, values, and ideas that guide the behavior and attitudes of a society.

• A set of recognized rules of conduct regarding a particular class of human actions.

• The authority of the Pope and the sacraments, and the individual interpretation of the Bible and salvation through faith.

What problems did Martin Luther see with the Catholic Church?

• Martin Luther criticized the practices of the Catholic Church such as the sale of indulgences and believed in salvation only through faith.

• Martin Luther defended the need to reform the Catholic Church to adapt it to modern times.

• Martin Luther emphasized the authority of the Pope and the sacraments, and the individual interpretation of the Bible and salvation through faith.

• Martin Luther believed in the authority of the Pope and the need to strictly follow the rules of the Catholic Church.

What did the Printing Press enable during the Reformation?

• The rapid spread of ideas, which fueled spread of the Potestantism.

• The consolidation of power of the Catholic Church and the suppression of contrary ideas.

• The creation of an environment of censorship and control over information.

• The promotion of freedom of expression and diversity of opinions.

How does Ethics relate to Henry VIII's marital problem?

• The lack of love in his marriage led Henry VIII to seek a divorce, triggering a political crisis in England.

• The pressure from the nobility for a male heir led Henry VIII to seek a divorce, triggering a civil war in England.

• Henry VIII's need to consolidate his political power led him to seek a divorce, generating tensions with the Catholic Church.

• Henry VIII's desire for a male heir led him to seek a divorce, raising ethical questions about the sanctity of marriage.

What happened in the Spanish Inquisition?

• A campaign by the Catholic Church to promote religious tolerance and cultural diversity in Spain.

• A campaign by Protestants to challenge the authority of the Catholic Church in Spain.

• A campaign by Muslims to regain control of the Iberian Peninsula.

• A campaign by the Spanish monarchy to enforce religious and social conformity, often through torture and execution.

What did the Council of Trent address?

• The promotion of religious tolerance and cultural diversity in Europe.

• The promotion of freedom of expression and diversity of opinions.

• Corruption and reaffirmation of the Catholic doctrine.

• Suppression of reformist ideas and consolidation of papal power.

What was the goal of the Jesuits led by Ignatius of Loyola?

• Defend religious freedom and the separation between the Church and the State.

• Establish a new church independent of Rome.

• Promote the reform of the Catholic Church from within.

• Expand Catholicism globally through education and missionary work.

What effects did the Counter-Reformation have on religious, social, and political aspects?

• It promoted the separation between Church and State, promoted secular education and freedom of conscience, and strengthened individual rights.

• It generated a greater diversity of religious opinions, promoted freedom of expression and equality of rights, and reduced the influence of the Church in society.

• It promoted religious tolerance and cultural diversity, encouraged cooperation between different religious groups, and strengthened democracy in Europe.

• It reaffirmed Catholic teachings and doctrines, increased religious fervor and devotion, generated conflicts and tensions between Catholics and Protestants, and strengthened the authority of monarchs who supported Catholicism.

Why did Henry VIII dissolve the monasteries and what were their impacts?

• To promote social and economic equality, redistributing wealth among the most needy.

• To protect the monks from religious persecution, ensuring their safety and well-being.

• To promote monastic life and religious devotion, strengthening the Church's influence in society.

• To confiscate their wealth and lands, impacting religious life and redistributing wealth to the crown and nobility.