Unit 4: Lesson 3 - Cycling of Matter

What does the law of conservation of mass state?

• Matter is created during chemical reactions

• Matter can neither be created nor destroyed

• Matter is constantly being created in ecosystems

• Matter is destroyed when it changes form

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How do phytoplankton contribute to the carbon cycle?

• By consuming carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

• By converting carbon dioxide to calcium carbonate

• By releasing oxygen into the atmosphere

• By producing fossil fuels directly

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What is the role of decomposers in the carbon cycle?

• They produce carbon dioxide through photosynthesis

• They fix atmospheric carbon into usable forms

• They convert carbon dioxide into oxygen

• They break down dead organisms, returning carbon to the soil

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Which process is NOT part of the water cycle?

• Condensation

• Precipitation

• Photosynthesis

• Evaporation

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What percentage of Earth's water is found in the oceans?

• About 80%

• About 70%

• About 97%

• About 50%

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How do plants and animals get the nitrogen they need?

• By absorbing nitrogen through their skin

• By drinking water

• Through nitrogen fixation by bacteria

• From atmospheric nitrogen directly

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What is the main source of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere today?

• Water vapor

• Carbon dioxide

• Photosynthesis

• Nitrogen fixation

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How is nitrogen returned to the environment from living things?

• Through exhalation

• By photosynthesis

• Through decomposition and waste products

• By evaporation of water

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What is the role of water in the ecosystems?

• It cycles nutrients through the ecosystem

• It is used in cellular processes but does not cycle

• It is a by-product of photosynthesis

• It only provides habitat for aquatic organisms

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Which of the following is a by-product of photosynthesis?

• Oxygen

• Nitrogen

• Water vapor

• Carbon dioxide

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