NJSLA Assessment #1

Eccentricity (e) is a measure that indicates the extent to which an orbit is elliptical. The value of e equals the distance between the foci of an orbit (f) divided by the length of the semi-major axis of the orbit (R).

e = r / R

Which is the orbital eccentricity of Halley’s Comet?

• 0.0167

• 0.965

• 1.04

• 75.3

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

The orbital period is the amount of time it takes a body to make one complete revolution around the Sun. The square of the orbital period (T) is proportional to the cube of the length of the semi-major axis of orbit (R).

T^2 ∝ R^3

Based on this expression and Table 1, which body has the shortest orbital period?

• Earth

• Neptune

• Halley’s Comet

• Orbital periods are equal.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

The gravitational force (F) between two objects is proportional to their masses and distance, as shown in the equation

F ∝ [(m1 × m2) / d^2]

where m₁ is the mass of one object, m₂ is the mass of a second object, and d is the distance between the two objects.

Based on Figure 1, at which labeled point in its orbit is the gravitational force between the Sun and Halley’s Comet the greatest?

• Point W

• Point X

• Point Y

• Point Z

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Identify the variables that should be measured to determine the relative change in energy within a bicycle tire if air molecules continue to be added once the pump handle becomes harder to push down.

Select two of the five variables. 

​ (a)   ​ ​ (b)  

• The change in tire pressure.
• The change in temperature of the tire.
• The volume of the bicycle tire.
• The shape of the air molecules.
• The change in temperature of the tire.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Type your answer in the box provided:

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NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2