Biogeochemical Cycles & Populations

How are the molecules shown in the model used in the process of photosynthesis?

• Carbon dioxide is taken in by the plant and oxygen is released.

• Water and oxygen are used to produce glucose and carbon dioxide.

• Oxygen and carbon dioxide are used to produce glucose and water.

• Glucose is taken in by the plant and water is released.

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If excess nutrients enter an aquatic ecosystem, it can cause the algae to form a thick bloom on the surface of the water. How does the bloom affect the amount of oxygen in the water?

• It increases the amount of oxygen because fish perform more respiration.

• It increases the amount of oxygen because plants receive more nutrients.

• It decreases the amount of oxygen because plants are unable to perform photosynthesis.

• 
  It decreases the amount of oxygen because fish release more carbon dioxide.

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In the carbon cycle, all animals must consume other organisms because

• they can not absorb enough carbon from water.

• they cannot absorb carbon directly from the air.

• they are in competition with plants for available carbon.

• 
  they require carbon to perform photosynthesis.

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How is phosphorus transferred between animals and soil? (How does it get into the soil?)

• When heavy winds blow, it is eroded off of living things.

• When animals move, it is released into the soil.

• Consumers exhale it as a gas that is fixed by bacteria in the soil.

• Decomposers break it down from wastes and dead animals.

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Urban areas contain many human-created structures such as houses and buildings. Urban areas are many degrees warmer than surrounding areas as the materials used for urban development often absorb and retain heat energy. These increases in temperature can negatively affect communities by increasing pollution and increasing cooling costs for residents. What should be included in the design to BEST help reduce the temperatures?

• planting trees and creating green spaces

• using black shingles on roofs of buildings

• running air conditioners for longer periods

• increasing the use of asphalt pavement

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What is a density Independent limiting factor?

• Hurricane

• Water

• disease

• food

Which of the following would INCREASE the carrying capacity of an ecosystem?

• increase in predators
• disease
• increase in available food
• drought

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What do we call the variety of life in an ecosystem?

• Producer

• Biology

• Biodiversity

• Keystone Species

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The data in the graph most strongly support which explanation about the predator-prey relationship of the model?

• An increasing predator population acts to increase the prey population.

• An increasing prey population acts to decrease the predator population.

• A decreasing prey population acts to limit the size of the predator population.

• Changes in predator and prey populations act independently, without acting

  on one another.

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Based on the trends of the carrying capacity graph, what is the predicted (estimated) population of organisms, in millions, in 1950?

• 2.0 million

• 1.75 million

• 1.25 million

• 1.5 million

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