Substance Separation

What is the difference between a mixture and a solution?

• The difference between a mixture and a solution is that a solution is a type of mixture where one substance dissolves in another to form a homogeneous mixture.

• A mixture is formed by combining two or more substances in fixed proportions, while a solution can have varying proportions

• A mixture is always a liquid, while a solution can be a solid, liquid, or gas

• A mixture is always homogeneous, while a solution can be heterogeneous

Define a pure substance and give an example.

• Nitrogen (N)

• Carbon (C)

• Oxygen (O)

• Water (H2O)

Name a separation method used to separate a mixture of sand and salt.

• Sublimation

• Decantation

• Filtration

• Evaporation

Explain the process of distillation.

• Distillation involves mixing liquids together to form a new substance.

• Distillation is a process where a liquid mixture is filtered to remove impurities.

• Distillation is a process where a liquid mixture is heated to create vapor and then cooled to condense it back into liquid form. This separation technique is based on the differences in boiling points of the components in the mixture.

• Distillation is a process where a liquid mixture is frozen to separate the components.

How does filtration work in separating substances?

• Filtration separates substances by using a magnetic field to attract solid components and repel liquid components.

• Filtration separates substances by evaporating the liquid components and leaving the solid components behind.

• Filtration separates substances by passing a mixture through a filter medium that traps solid components while allowing liquid components to pass through.

• Filtration separates substances by mixing them with a solvent that dissolves the solid components and leaves the liquid components.

What is the purpose of using solvents in separation methods?

• To enhance the color of the separated substances

• To dissolve the mixture components and selectively extract desired substances based on their solubility properties.

• To speed up the separation process

• To increase the boiling point of the mixture

Describe the principle behind paper chromatography.

• Paper chromatography separates components based on their size

• Paper chromatography separates components based on their affinity to the mobile phase and stationary phase.

• Paper chromatography separates components based on their color

• Paper chromatography separates components based on their shape

Why is it important to identify impurities in a substance?

• Identifying impurities is unnecessary

• Impurities have no impact on the substance

• It is important to identify impurities in a substance to ensure its quality, safety, and efficacy.

• Impurities enhance the substance's properties

How does evaporation help in separating substances?

• Evaporation decreases the temperature of substances

• Evaporation increases the density of substances

• Evaporation causes substances to mix together

• Evaporation converts a liquid into vapor, leaving behind solid components or dissolved substances.

What is the role of a solvent in the process of dissolving a solute?

• To increase the solute particles' size and make them more difficult to dissolve.

• To solidify the solute particles and prevent them from mixing with the solvent.

• To repel the solute particles and keep them separate from the solvent.

• To break down the solute particles and surround them, enabling them to mix uniformly in the solvent.