9.1 Review

What is one definition of a volcano?

• The opening on the Moon's surface through which molten rock erupts
• A landform developed underwater
• The opening in the Earth’s crust through which molten rock, gases, and ash erupt
• A type of cloud formation

Where does magma form?

• In the core of the Earth
• In the mesosphere
• In the asthenosphere
• In the lithosphere

What conditions allow magma to form?

• Increase in pressure and decrease in temperature
• Decrease in pressure, increase in temperature, increase in water content
• Decrease in volume and increase in pressure
• Increase in temperature and decrease in silica content

What causes magma to rise to the surface?

• It is less dense than the surrounding solid material
• It is hotter than the surrounding material
• It is more viscous than the surrounding material
• It has a lower temperature than the surrounding material

Volcanoes are most likely to form at which type of boundaries?

• Transform and Divergent boundaries
• Only Convergent boundaries
• Divergent and Subduction boundaries
• Hot spots and Subduction boundaries.

What type of plate boundaries are hot spots associated with?

• Convergent boundaries
• Divergent boundaries
• Transform boundaries
• None of the above

How do hot spots lead to volcanic activity?

• By releasing large amounts of steam
• By causing earthquakes
• By emitting plumes of hot material from the mantle
• By melting polar ice caps

What is a plume in relation to volcanic activity?

• A type of volcanic rock formation
• A pipelike body of hot material moving upward from the Earth's mantle into the crust
• A type of lava flow
• A volcanic crater

What causes the formation of islands like Kauai and Oahu in Hawaii?

• Movement of lithospheric plates over hot spots
• Glacial erosion
• Underground explosions caused by hot spots
• Earth's magnetic field and gravity

What fuels the active volcanoes on the island of Hawaii?

• Hot lava flows
• Magma chambers
• The movement of tectonic plates
• The hot spot beneath it